Assignment: Workplace Bullying of Nurses

Assignment: Workplace Bullying of Nurses

A Sample Answer For the Assignment: Assignment: Workplace Bullying of Nurses

Title: Assignment: Workplace Bullying of Nurses

Assignment Workplace Bullying of Nurses

Workplace bullying (WPB) is detrimental to an organization. It results in negative work productivity and impacts psychological, physiological and spiritual effects (Kim et al., 2019). In healthcare, nurses are at risk of WPB, especially newly employed ones. WPB has been linked to burnout and nurses leaving their positions by transferring within or exiting the organization. The best approach towards reducing WPB is empowering nurses to recognize and confront bullying. An educational program has been shown to reduce the incidence of bullying and enhance productivity. To establish the effects of an educational program on WPB, two quantitative articles will be reviewed. The paper will outline the background of the studies and their support for workplace bullying, study methods, results and outcome comparison.

Study Backgrounds

Kim et al. (2019) outline that bullying is frequently reported among nurses. The authors point out that workplace bullying occurs as personal bullying, job-related bullying, and intimidation-related bullying. Exposure to WPB results in physical problems like angina, fatigue and physical discomfort as well as mental health issues like post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety. WPB increase nurse turnover and threaten patient safety because it impedes nursing care quality. WPB causes a low professional quality of life and compassion fatigue which results in burnout and secondary trauma. It also increases turnover due to dissatisfaction with work. The authors set a study to determine how workplace bullying experience is linked to burnout, PROQOL and turnover intention among clinical nurses.

Kang et al. (2017) begin by outlining that the nursing profession has a problematic turnover rate due to physical and psychological stress linked to it. The turnover rate can be linked to workplace bullying which refers to verbal, emotional, and physical behaviors that disrespect and harm colleagues as a means of controlling them. In nurses, the behaviors include ignoring, ostracizing humiliating, yelling, and swearing among others. WPB results in depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic fatigue and insomnia. It also increases burnout and turnover intention. WPB can be handled through increased awareness and an approach used is cognitive rehearsal (CR). CR offers nurses the skills and confidence to manage conflicting situations. The authors set a study to determine the effects of the CR program on interpersonal relationships, workplace bullying, and symptom-experience and turnover intention among nurses.

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Articles and Support for Nursing Practice Issue

The PICOT in question is: “In newly employed nurses, will the use of bullying educational programs targeting nurses reduce the

reported cases of bullying within ten months?” The study by Kim et al. (2019) looks at how WPB affects clinical nurses. It offers the data for the strategic development of a positive organizational culture which can prevent the incidence of bullying experienced by clinical nurses.  The article shows that WPB is a significant problem that requires handling. Kang et al. (2017) on the other hand uses a cognitive rehearsal program to address WPB. CPR is one of bullying education programs and thus the article offers answers to whether an awareness program can reduce the incidence of bullying. The PICOT targets newly employed nurses but the two articles look at clinical nurses generally.

Methods of Study

Kim et al. (2019) used a descriptive cross-sectional design while Kang et al. (2017) adopted a randomized control trial.  A descriptive cross-sectional survey assesses the burden of a particular disease in a defined population (Rutberg & Bouikidis, 2018). It is advantageous because it is relatively quick and easy to conduct, data on all variables are collected once and one can measure prevalence for all factors under investigation. The design is disadvantageous because non-response results in a bias of the measures of outcome since the characteristics of non-responders differ from responders.  A randomized controlled trial, on the other hand, assigns participants into an experimental or a control group. The study expects that the difference between the two groups is the outcome variable being studied (Rutberg & Bouikidis, 2018).  RCTs are advantageous because population bias is minimized through randomization and one uses well known statistical tools to analyze results. Nevertheless, the design is expensive and the population used may not be representative of the whole.

Results of the Studies

Kim et al. (2019) found out that workplace bullying was linked to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The authors noted that fewer years of experience resulted in higher personal and work-related bullying as well as increased burnout. Additionally, nurses with lesser years of experience had lower compassion satisfaction and higher compassion fatigue. WBP showed significant correlations with burnout, ProQol and turnover intention. Kang et al (2017) reported that there was a significant difference in interpersonal relationships and turn over intentions between the experimental and waitlist groups. CRP enhanced participants’ interpersonal relationships however there was a significant difference in terms of bullying incidences between the experimental and wait-list groups. Lack of effect on bullying is linked to the early measurement of the variable after the intervention.

Nursing Practice Impact

Kim et al. (2019) point out that WBP in the nursing professions should not be overlooked or ignored. Nursing leadership should ensure that WBP is reduced by creating a work environment that is safe and healthy. Proactive mediations and strategies should be created and interventions established to protect nurses who experience workplace bullying. Kang et al. (2017) illuminated that CPR helps nurses understand the complexity of WBP and can get solutions for such situations. CPR should, therefore, be used in nursing education and management as a way of coping with workplace bullying.

Outcomes Comparison

The proposed study aims at establishing whether the use of bullying educational programs reduces the reported cases of bullying. The study outcome is therefore reduced incidences of bullying cases. For Kim et al. (2019), the outcomes assessed were workplace bullying, burnout, professional quality of life (ProQol) and turn over intention. Kang et al. (2017) on the other hand had outcomes like interpersonal relationships, workplace bullying, symptom experience and turn over intention. All three studies are assessing bullying.

Assignment: Workplace Bullying of Nurses Conclusion

Workplace bullying is a common problem in the nursing profession. It results in physical and mental issues that increase turnover and threaten patient safety. WPB can be handled through increased awareness and a common approach used in cognitive rehearsal. The analyzed article reveals that WPB affects nurses with lesser years of experience since they have increased bullying cases, burnout and compassion fatigue.  The articles also indicate that CPR enhances the interpersonal relationship and can reduce bullying cases if adopted for a longer period. It is, therefore, crucial for nursing leadership to create a safe and healthy work environment by adopting interventions that protect burses who experience workplace bullying. Additionally, CPR can be used in nursing education and management and as a way of coping with workplace bullying.

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies. Use the \”Research Critique Guidelines – Part II\” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.
Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Topic 1 assignment Work Place Bullying of Nurses to complete this assignment.
In a 1,000 word essay, summarize two quantitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide An abstract is not required.
Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.

Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.

Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?

Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.

Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.

If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.

I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.

As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:

Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.

Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

• Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
• There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
• Include in-text citations in your response
• Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
• Follow APA-7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

• A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
• Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
• Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
• Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
• Follow APA 7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
• Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
• Here are some helpful links
• Student paper example
• Citing Sources
• The Writing Center is a great resource