Patients are frequently uncomfortable discussing with healthcare professional\u2019s issues that involve the genitalia and rectum; however, gathering an adequate history and properly conducting a physical exam are vital. Examining case studies of genital and rectal abnormalities can help prepare advanced practice nurses to accurately assess patients with problems in these areas.<\/p>\n
In this Lab Assignment, you will analyze an Episodic note case study that describes abnormal findings in patients seen in a clinical setting. You will consider what history should be collected from the patients, as well as which physical exams and diagnostic tests should be conducted. You will also formulate a differential diagnosis with several possible conditions.<\/p>\n
To Prepare<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n- Review the Episodic note case study your instructor provides you for this week\u2019s Assignment. Please see the \u201cCourse Announcements\u201d section of the classroom for your Episodic note case study.<\/li>\n
- Based on the Episodic note case study:\n
\n- Review this week\u2019s Learning Resources, and consider the insights they provide about the case study. Refer to Chapter 3 of the Sullivan resource to guide you as you complete your Lab Assignment.<\/li>\n
- Search the Walden library or the Internet for evidence-based resources to support your answers to the questions provided.<\/li>\n
- Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient in the case study.<\/li>\n
- Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient\u2019s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?<\/li>\n
- Identify\u00a0at least five<\/strong>\u00a0possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The Lab Assignment<\/strong><\/h2>\nUsing evidence-based resources from your search, answer the following questions and support your answers using current evidence from the literature.<\/p>\n
\n- Analyze the subjective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.<\/li>\n
- Analyze the objective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.<\/li>\n
- Is the assessment supported by the subjective and objective information? Why or why not?<\/li>\n
- Would diagnostics be appropriate for this case, and how would the results be used to make a diagnosis?<\/li>\n
- Would you reject\/accept the current diagnosis? Why or why not? Identify three possible conditions that may be considered as a differential diagnosis for this patient. Explain your reasoning using at least three different references from current evidence-based literature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
By Day 7 of Week 10<\/strong><\/h2>\nSubmit<\/strong> your Assignment.<\/p>\nSubmission and Grading Information<\/strong><\/p>\nTo submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- Please save your Assignment using the naming convention \u201cWK10Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d as the name.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment Rubric\u00a0<\/strong>to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment\u00a0<\/strong>link. You will also be able to \u201cView Rubric\u201d for grading criteria from this area.<\/li>\n
- Next, from the Attach File area, click on the\u00a0Browse My Computer<\/strong>\u00a0button. Find the document you saved as \u201cWK10Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d and click\u00a0Open<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for\u00a0I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- Click on the\u00a0Submit<\/strong>\u00a0button to complete your submission.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Grading Criteria<\/strong><\/h2>\nTo access your rubric:<\/u><\/p>\n
Week 10 Assignment 1 Rubric<\/u><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity<\/strong><\/p>\nTo check your Assignment draft for authenticity:<\/u><\/p>\n
Submit your Week 10 Assignment 1 draft and review the originality report.<\/u><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 10<\/strong><\/p>\nTo participate in this Assignment:<\/u><\/p>\n
Week 10 Assignment 1<\/u><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Assignment 2: Practicum Application Assignment<\/strong><\/h2>\nPracticum Applications must be submitted in a timely manner to ensure that your Preceptor and Practicum Site meet the requirements of the College of Nursing and Walden University. For this Assignment, you will either submit your Practicum Application or you will submit a revised\/updated Practicum Plan that indicates when you plan to take the Practicum courses.<\/p>\n
To Prepare<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n- Review the Practicum Application Deadlines found on the College of Nursing Field Experience<\/a> website to determine when you need to submit your Practicum Application.<\/li>\n
- Review the Practicum Application Tutorial<\/a> for submitting applications in Meditrek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Meditrek Credentials (Username and Password):<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n- Your credentials have been emailed to your Walden student email address. Search your Walden student issued email to locate the email from support@meditrek.info<\/a>. (Note: <\/strong>Do not email Meditrek directly, please use the following methods if you are unable to locate your Meditrek credentials.)\n
\n- If you are unable to find your email, you may request your credentials emailed to you online by requesting a password reset online: https:\/\/edu.meditrek.com\/public\/ForgotPassword.aspx<\/a><\/li>\n
- If you are unable to reset your password online, call the Customer Care Team Support at 800-925-3368 or live chat via your student portal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The Assignment:<\/strong><\/h2>\nYou must complete either Part 1 or<\/u><\/strong> Part 2 of this Assignment:<\/p>\nPart 1: Practicum Application<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- Login into Meditrek and complete your Practicum Application. When the application is complete, submit it and create a PDF of the confirmation email you received.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Part 2: Practicum Plan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n- Using the affiliation agreement search within Meditrek and identify potential Practicum Sites that are in your area to assist you in identifying potential Preceptors.<\/li>\n
- Complete the Practicum Plan form found in Meditrek, submit it and create a PDF of the confirmation email you received.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
By Day 7 of Week 10<\/strong><\/p>\nSubmit<\/strong>\u00a0either your Practicum Application or Practicum Plan submission confirmation email PDF.<\/p>\nSubmission and Grading Information<\/strong><\/p>\nTo submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- Please save your Assignment using the naming convention \u201cWK10Assgn2+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d as the name.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment 2 Rubric\u00a0<\/strong>to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment 2\u00a0<\/strong>link. You will also be able to \u201cView Rubric\u201d for grading criteria from this area.<\/li>\n
- Next, from the Attach File area, click on the\u00a0Browse My Computer<\/strong>\u00a0button. Find the document you saved as \u201cWK10Assgn2+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d and click\u00a0Open<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for\u00a0I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- Click on the\u00a0Submit<\/strong>\u00a0button to complete your submission.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
A Sample Answer For the Assignment: LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/strong><\/h2>\nTitle: <\/strong> LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/strong><\/h2>\nAssessment of the genitalia and rectum is vital in depicting genitourinary<\/a> and gastrointestinal abnormalities respectively. A rectal examination is necessary to complete an abdominal exam. Meanwhile, assessment of the genitalia is usually sensitive and must be done in the presence of a chaperone. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential history, physical exam, and differential diagnosis based on a case scenario of T.S. a 32-year-old woman who presents with dysuria, frequency, and urgency for two days. She is sexually active and has had a new partner for the past three months.<\/p>\nSubjective<\/strong><\/h2>\nA triad of urgency, frequency, and dysuria characterizes a pathology that is most likely in the urinary tract. Consequently, it is essential to inquire about associated symptoms such as hematuria, fever, and malaise. Association with malaise and fever is common in urinary tract infections. Similarly, it is important to inquire about the presence of any abnormal vaginal discharge, and burning sensation during urination since she is sexually active and a sexually transmitted infection might be the cause of her symptoms. Likewise, changes in the smell and color of the urine must be elicited as well as associated suprapubic pain. Related to sexually transmitted infections, it is crucial to inquire about the number of sexual partners if similar symptoms have manifested in her partner or the use of protection during intercourse (Garcia & Wray, 2022).<\/p>\n
Similarly, her last menstrual period must be known to determine if pregnant as this will impact the management (Bono et al., 2022). Additionally, a history of medication use, alcohol, smoking, and use of illicit drugs must be elicited. A history of contact with an individual with a chronic cough or TB prior to the occurrence of the previous symptoms must be elicited as urogenital TB may present similarly. Finally, it is crucial to inquire about any history of trauma or recent urethral catheterization as these are common risk factors<\/a> for urinary tract infections.<\/p>\nObjective<\/strong><\/h2>\nThe vital signs are mandatory in this patient as it is a pelvic exam. In the general exam, the mental and nutrition status of the patient must be noted. Additionally, a complete abdominal exam must be conducted as the patient has flank pain and suprapubic tenderness. Palpation of the abdomen for any masses and percussion of the flank for costovertebral angle tenderness must be done (Bono et al., 2022). Similarly, complete respiratory and cardiovascular exams must be conducted as a routine during the assessment of any patient. Finally, a digital rectal examination must be performed to exclude associated rectal abnormalities.<\/p>\n
Click here to ORDER an A++ paper from our Verified MASTERS and DOCTORATE WRITERS: LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n![\"LAB](\"http:\/\/nursingassignmentcrackers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/LAB-ASSIGNMENT-ASSESSING-THE-GENITALIA-AND-RECTUM-NURS-6512-300x161.png\")
LAB ASSIGNMENT ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nAssessment<\/strong><\/h2>\nIn addition to urinalysis, STI, and pap smear testing, a complete blood count and urine culture must be conducted as the patient presents with signs of infection. Similarly, a pregnancy test must be conducted as this may complicate urinary tract infections. Additionally, she has no appetite and therefore a random blood sugar must be done to exclude hypoglycemia. Similarly, urea, creatinine, and electrolyte must be conducted to check the renal function as the patient has flank pain. Finally, Inflammatory markers such as ESR and CRP as well as blood cultures must be done as the patient has flank pain which may indicate pyelonephritis (Bono et al., 2022). Imaging tests are not necessary for the diagnosis of lower UTI. However, the patient has flank pain, and therefore, a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with or without IV contrast as well as an ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder must be done to identify any pathologies and outline the architecture of the kidney and bladder (Belyayeva & Jeong, 2022)<\/p>\n
The possible diagnoses include a urinary tract infection and a sexually-transmitted infection. Urinary tract infections refer to the infection of the bladder, urethra, ureters, or kidneys (Bono et al., 2022). UTIs are more common in women, a consequence of a short urethra and proximity of the anal and genital regions (Bono et al., 2022). A triad of frequency, dysuria, and urgency collectively defines the irritative lower urinary tract symptoms (Bono et al., 2022). Similarly, suprapubic tenderness is a key feature of lower urinary tract infections. However, the patient is also feverish and has flank pain which also denotes the potential for involvement of the upper urinary tract (Bono et al., 2022). T.S is also sexually active, a risk factor for urinary tract infection.<\/p>\n
A sexually transmitted infection is another possible diagnosis. T.S is sexually active and she has had her new partner for the last three months which is a key risk factor for this condition (Garcia & Wray, 2022). Most STIs present with suprapubic pain. Most STIs are asymptomatic and if symptomatic manifests with urethral discharge, vaginal discharge, pruritus, and pain (Garcia & Wray, 2022). T.S was negative for the aforementioned features.<\/p>\n
Other differential diagnoses include pyelonephritis, interstitial cystitis, and urethritis due to an STI. Pyelonephritis is of the renal pelvis and parenchyma (Belyayeva & Jeong, 2022). It is usually a complication of ascending bacterial infection of the bladder and manifests principally with frequency, dysuria, urgency, fever, malaise, flank pain, and suprapubic pain (Belyayeva & Jeong, 2022). Interstitial cystitis is a chronic noninfectious idiopathic cystitis associated with recurrent suprapubic pain (Daniels et al., 2018). It presents with urgency, frequency, suprapubic discomfort, and pain relieved by voiding. T.S has some of these features although the gradual onset of symptomatology and a duration of more than six weeks is required for the diagnosis of this condition (Daniels et al., 2018). Finally, urethritis secondary to an STI may present in females with only frequency, urgency, and dysuria with minimal or no vaginal discharge (Young et al., 2022).<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\nAssessment of the genitalia and rectum is sensitive and may help identify abnormalities of the rectum and genitourinary tract. Most abnormalities of the genitourinary system particularly UTIs and STIs can be diagnosed clinically. Consequently, a comprehensive history and physical examination are mandatory. Most UTIs are common in females. Pregnancy must always be excluded in a patient presenting with features suggestive of a UTI.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
References<\/strong><\/h2>\nBelyayeva, M., & Jeong, J. M. (2022).\u00a0Acute Pyelonephritis<\/em>. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30137822\/<\/a><\/p>\nBono, M. J., Leslie, S. W., & Reygaert, W. C. (2022).\u00a0Urinary Tract Infection<\/em>. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29261874\/<\/a><\/p>\nDaniels, A. M., Schulte, A. R., & Herndon, C. M. (2018). Interstitial cystitis: An update on the disease process and treatment.\u00a0Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy<\/em>,\u00a032<\/em>(1), 49\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15360288.2018.1476433<\/a><\/p>\nGarcia, M. R., & Wray, A. A. (2022).\u00a0Sexually Transmitted Infections<\/em>. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32809643\/<\/a><\/p>\n
- \n
- Review this week\u2019s Learning Resources, and consider the insights they provide about the case study. Refer to Chapter 3 of the Sullivan resource to guide you as you complete your Lab Assignment.<\/li>\n
- Search the Walden library or the Internet for evidence-based resources to support your answers to the questions provided.<\/li>\n
- Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient in the case study.<\/li>\n
- Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient\u2019s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?<\/li>\n
- Identify\u00a0at least five<\/strong>\u00a0possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The Lab Assignment<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Using evidence-based resources from your search, answer the following questions and support your answers using current evidence from the literature.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Analyze the subjective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.<\/li>\n
- Analyze the objective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.<\/li>\n
- Is the assessment supported by the subjective and objective information? Why or why not?<\/li>\n
- Would diagnostics be appropriate for this case, and how would the results be used to make a diagnosis?<\/li>\n
- Would you reject\/accept the current diagnosis? Why or why not? Identify three possible conditions that may be considered as a differential diagnosis for this patient. Explain your reasoning using at least three different references from current evidence-based literature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
By Day 7 of Week 10<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Submit<\/strong> your Assignment.<\/p>\n
Submission and Grading Information<\/strong><\/p>\n
To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- Please save your Assignment using the naming convention \u201cWK10Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d as the name.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment Rubric\u00a0<\/strong>to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment\u00a0<\/strong>link. You will also be able to \u201cView Rubric\u201d for grading criteria from this area.<\/li>\n
- Next, from the Attach File area, click on the\u00a0Browse My Computer<\/strong>\u00a0button. Find the document you saved as \u201cWK10Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d and click\u00a0Open<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for\u00a0I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- Click on the\u00a0Submit<\/strong>\u00a0button to complete your submission.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Grading Criteria<\/strong><\/h2>\n
To access your rubric:<\/u><\/p>\n
Week 10 Assignment 1 Rubric<\/u><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity<\/strong><\/p>\n
To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:<\/u><\/p>\n
Submit your Week 10 Assignment 1 draft and review the originality report.<\/u><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 10<\/strong><\/p>\n
To participate in this Assignment:<\/u><\/p>\n
Week 10 Assignment 1<\/u><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Assignment 2: Practicum Application Assignment<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Practicum Applications must be submitted in a timely manner to ensure that your Preceptor and Practicum Site meet the requirements of the College of Nursing and Walden University. For this Assignment, you will either submit your Practicum Application or you will submit a revised\/updated Practicum Plan that indicates when you plan to take the Practicum courses.<\/p>\n
To Prepare<\/strong><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Review the Practicum Application Deadlines found on the College of Nursing Field Experience<\/a> website to determine when you need to submit your Practicum Application.<\/li>\n
- Review the Practicum Application Tutorial<\/a> for submitting applications in Meditrek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Meditrek Credentials (Username and Password):<\/strong><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Your credentials have been emailed to your Walden student email address. Search your Walden student issued email to locate the email from support@meditrek.info<\/a>. (Note: <\/strong>Do not email Meditrek directly, please use the following methods if you are unable to locate your Meditrek credentials.)\n
- \n
- If you are unable to find your email, you may request your credentials emailed to you online by requesting a password reset online: https:\/\/edu.meditrek.com\/public\/ForgotPassword.aspx<\/a><\/li>\n
- If you are unable to reset your password online, call the Customer Care Team Support at 800-925-3368 or live chat via your student portal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The Assignment:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
You must complete either Part 1 or<\/u><\/strong> Part 2 of this Assignment:<\/p>\n
Part 1: Practicum Application<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- Login into Meditrek and complete your Practicum Application. When the application is complete, submit it and create a PDF of the confirmation email you received.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Part 2: Practicum Plan<\/strong><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Using the affiliation agreement search within Meditrek and identify potential Practicum Sites that are in your area to assist you in identifying potential Preceptors.<\/li>\n
- Complete the Practicum Plan form found in Meditrek, submit it and create a PDF of the confirmation email you received.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
By Day 7 of Week 10<\/strong><\/p>\n
Submit<\/strong>\u00a0either your Practicum Application or Practicum Plan submission confirmation email PDF.<\/p>\n
Submission and Grading Information<\/strong><\/p>\n
To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- Please save your Assignment using the naming convention \u201cWK10Assgn2+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d as the name.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment 2 Rubric\u00a0<\/strong>to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.<\/li>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment 2\u00a0<\/strong>link. You will also be able to \u201cView Rubric\u201d for grading criteria from this area.<\/li>\n
- Next, from the Attach File area, click on the\u00a0Browse My Computer<\/strong>\u00a0button. Find the document you saved as \u201cWK10Assgn2+last name+first initial.(extension)\u201d and click\u00a0Open<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for\u00a0I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
- Click on the\u00a0Submit<\/strong>\u00a0button to complete your submission.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
A Sample Answer For the Assignment: LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Title: <\/strong> LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Assessment of the genitalia and rectum is vital in depicting genitourinary<\/a> and gastrointestinal abnormalities respectively. A rectal examination is necessary to complete an abdominal exam. Meanwhile, assessment of the genitalia is usually sensitive and must be done in the presence of a chaperone. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential history, physical exam, and differential diagnosis based on a case scenario of T.S. a 32-year-old woman who presents with dysuria, frequency, and urgency for two days. She is sexually active and has had a new partner for the past three months.<\/p>\n
Subjective<\/strong><\/h2>\n
A triad of urgency, frequency, and dysuria characterizes a pathology that is most likely in the urinary tract. Consequently, it is essential to inquire about associated symptoms such as hematuria, fever, and malaise. Association with malaise and fever is common in urinary tract infections. Similarly, it is important to inquire about the presence of any abnormal vaginal discharge, and burning sensation during urination since she is sexually active and a sexually transmitted infection might be the cause of her symptoms. Likewise, changes in the smell and color of the urine must be elicited as well as associated suprapubic pain. Related to sexually transmitted infections, it is crucial to inquire about the number of sexual partners if similar symptoms have manifested in her partner or the use of protection during intercourse (Garcia & Wray, 2022).<\/p>\n
Similarly, her last menstrual period must be known to determine if pregnant as this will impact the management (Bono et al., 2022). Additionally, a history of medication use, alcohol, smoking, and use of illicit drugs must be elicited. A history of contact with an individual with a chronic cough or TB prior to the occurrence of the previous symptoms must be elicited as urogenital TB may present similarly. Finally, it is crucial to inquire about any history of trauma or recent urethral catheterization as these are common risk factors<\/a> for urinary tract infections.<\/p>\n
Objective<\/strong><\/h2>\n
The vital signs are mandatory in this patient as it is a pelvic exam. In the general exam, the mental and nutrition status of the patient must be noted. Additionally, a complete abdominal exam must be conducted as the patient has flank pain and suprapubic tenderness. Palpation of the abdomen for any masses and percussion of the flank for costovertebral angle tenderness must be done (Bono et al., 2022). Similarly, complete respiratory and cardiovascular exams must be conducted as a routine during the assessment of any patient. Finally, a digital rectal examination must be performed to exclude associated rectal abnormalities.<\/p>\n
Click here to ORDER an A++ paper from our Verified MASTERS and DOCTORATE WRITERS: LAB ASSIGNMENT: ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n
LAB ASSIGNMENT ASSESSING THE GENITALIA AND RECTUM NURS 6512<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n Assessment<\/strong><\/h2>\n
In addition to urinalysis, STI, and pap smear testing, a complete blood count and urine culture must be conducted as the patient presents with signs of infection. Similarly, a pregnancy test must be conducted as this may complicate urinary tract infections. Additionally, she has no appetite and therefore a random blood sugar must be done to exclude hypoglycemia. Similarly, urea, creatinine, and electrolyte must be conducted to check the renal function as the patient has flank pain. Finally, Inflammatory markers such as ESR and CRP as well as blood cultures must be done as the patient has flank pain which may indicate pyelonephritis (Bono et al., 2022). Imaging tests are not necessary for the diagnosis of lower UTI. However, the patient has flank pain, and therefore, a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with or without IV contrast as well as an ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder must be done to identify any pathologies and outline the architecture of the kidney and bladder (Belyayeva & Jeong, 2022)<\/p>\n
The possible diagnoses include a urinary tract infection and a sexually-transmitted infection. Urinary tract infections refer to the infection of the bladder, urethra, ureters, or kidneys (Bono et al., 2022). UTIs are more common in women, a consequence of a short urethra and proximity of the anal and genital regions (Bono et al., 2022). A triad of frequency, dysuria, and urgency collectively defines the irritative lower urinary tract symptoms (Bono et al., 2022). Similarly, suprapubic tenderness is a key feature of lower urinary tract infections. However, the patient is also feverish and has flank pain which also denotes the potential for involvement of the upper urinary tract (Bono et al., 2022). T.S is also sexually active, a risk factor for urinary tract infection.<\/p>\n
A sexually transmitted infection is another possible diagnosis. T.S is sexually active and she has had her new partner for the last three months which is a key risk factor for this condition (Garcia & Wray, 2022). Most STIs present with suprapubic pain. Most STIs are asymptomatic and if symptomatic manifests with urethral discharge, vaginal discharge, pruritus, and pain (Garcia & Wray, 2022). T.S was negative for the aforementioned features.<\/p>\n
Other differential diagnoses include pyelonephritis, interstitial cystitis, and urethritis due to an STI. Pyelonephritis is of the renal pelvis and parenchyma (Belyayeva & Jeong, 2022). It is usually a complication of ascending bacterial infection of the bladder and manifests principally with frequency, dysuria, urgency, fever, malaise, flank pain, and suprapubic pain (Belyayeva & Jeong, 2022). Interstitial cystitis is a chronic noninfectious idiopathic cystitis associated with recurrent suprapubic pain (Daniels et al., 2018). It presents with urgency, frequency, suprapubic discomfort, and pain relieved by voiding. T.S has some of these features although the gradual onset of symptomatology and a duration of more than six weeks is required for the diagnosis of this condition (Daniels et al., 2018). Finally, urethritis secondary to an STI may present in females with only frequency, urgency, and dysuria with minimal or no vaginal discharge (Young et al., 2022).<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Assessment of the genitalia and rectum is sensitive and may help identify abnormalities of the rectum and genitourinary tract. Most abnormalities of the genitourinary system particularly UTIs and STIs can be diagnosed clinically. Consequently, a comprehensive history and physical examination are mandatory. Most UTIs are common in females. Pregnancy must always be excluded in a patient presenting with features suggestive of a UTI.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
References<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Belyayeva, M., & Jeong, J. M. (2022).\u00a0Acute Pyelonephritis<\/em>. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30137822\/<\/a><\/p>\n
Bono, M. J., Leslie, S. W., & Reygaert, W. C. (2022).\u00a0Urinary Tract Infection<\/em>. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29261874\/<\/a><\/p>\n
Daniels, A. M., Schulte, A. R., & Herndon, C. M. (2018). Interstitial cystitis: An update on the disease process and treatment.\u00a0Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy<\/em>,\u00a032<\/em>(1), 49\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15360288.2018.1476433<\/a><\/p>\n
Garcia, M. R., & Wray, A. A. (2022).\u00a0Sexually Transmitted Infections<\/em>. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32809643\/<\/a><\/p>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment 2\u00a0<\/strong>link. You will also be able to \u201cView Rubric\u201d for grading criteria from this area.<\/li>\n
- If you are unable to reset your password online, call the Customer Care Team Support at 800-925-3368 or live chat via your student portal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- If you are unable to find your email, you may request your credentials emailed to you online by requesting a password reset online: https:\/\/edu.meditrek.com\/public\/ForgotPassword.aspx<\/a><\/li>\n
- Review the Practicum Application Tutorial<\/a> for submitting applications in Meditrek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- Click the\u00a0Week 10 Assignment\u00a0<\/strong>link. You will also be able to \u201cView Rubric\u201d for grading criteria from this area.<\/li>\n