Rather than focus on the treatment of chronic disease, policies that influence population health tend to emphasize prevention and wellness; the reduction or elimination of waste and the eradication of health disparities<\/a> based on race, ethnicity, language, income, gender, sexual orientation, disability and other factors. The reasoning is that good health belongs to the whole, not just an individual. (New York State Dept. of Health, n.d.)\u202f\u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Regardless of political affiliation, every citizen has a stake in healthcare policy decisions. Hence, it is little wonder why healthcare items become such high-profile components of presidential agendas. It is also little wonder why they become such hotly debated agenda items.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Consider a topic (mental health, HIV, opioid epidemic, pandemics, obesity, prescription drug prices, or many others) that rises to the presidential level. How did the current and previous presidents handle the problem? What would you do differently?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n New York State Department of Health. (n.d.).\u202f<\/span>Making New York the healthiest state: Achieving the triple aim<\/span><\/i>. Retrieved June 21, 2021 from https:\/\/www.health.ny.gov\/events\/population_health_summit\/docs\/what_is_population_health.pdf<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Post<\/span><\/b>\u202fyour response to the discussion question: Consider a population health topic that rises to the presidential agenda level. Which social determinant most affects this health issue? How did two recent presidents handle the problem? What would you do differently?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Respond<\/span><\/b>\u202fto at least\u202f<\/span>two<\/span><\/b>\u202fof your colleagues<\/span>* on two different days<\/span><\/b>\u202fby expanding on their response and providing an example that supports their explanation or respectfully challenging their explanation and providing an example.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Click on the\u202f<\/span>Reply<\/span><\/b>\u202fbutton below to reveal the textbox for entering your message. Then click on the\u202f<\/span>Submit<\/span><\/b>\u202fbutton to post your message.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n *Note:<\/span><\/b>\u202fThroughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n One of the global pandemics that has reached the presidential level is COVID-19. This is a viral infection that started in Wuhan, China, in 2019. It is caused by SARS-COV-2, and its symptoms include fever, tiredness, sore throat, loss of sense of taste, among others (Shereen et al., 2020). The two U.S. presidents that have managed the pandemic are former President Trump and President Biden. These two presidents had two different management strategies<\/a> ranging from communication to the use of masks.<\/p>\n Instead of a coordinated national plan to implement public health preventive measures to curb the spread of COVID-19, the Trump Administration rested the primary responsibility of corresponding to COVID-19 with the states. The federal government came in as a backup plan. This was a downside since a lack of a coordinated national plan led to worsening community spread, lack of supplies, and ineffective policies. During the early stages of the pandemic, the President focused on closing U.S. borders to prevent the virus’s entry. However, the community spread the virus, and this policy was not effective.<\/p>\n After taking office from Donald Trump, President Biden focused on consistent information to restore trust and credibility. He shifted into a national COVID-19 emergency response plan and eliminated cost barriers in COVID-19 care. He scaled up COVID-19 testing, contact tracing, and distribution of critical COVID-19 supplies. The President focused on mask-wearing as a preventive measure. He called on governors and mayors to oversee mask-wearing campaigns. Biden has also focused on mass vaccinations to prevent severe COVID-19. Currently, 70% of adult Americans are fully vaccinated.<\/p>\n Primary prevention<\/a> measures are essential in the control of COVID-19. These measures include hand washing, wearing a mask, and social distancing (Sellner et al., 2021). As a president, I would have invested in primary prevention measures to slow down community spread at the beginning of the pandemic.<\/p>\n Sellner,\u00a0J., Jenkins,\u00a0T.\u00a0M., Von Oertzen,\u00a0T.\u00a0J., Bassetti,\u00a0C.\u00a0L., Beghi,\u00a0E., Bereczki,\u00a0D., Bodini,\u00a0B., Cavallieri,\u00a0F., Di Liberto,\u00a0G., Helbok,\u00a0R., Macerollo,\u00a0A., Maia,\u00a0L.\u00a0F., Oreja\u2010Guevara,\u00a0C., \u00d6zturk,\u00a0S., Rakusa,\u00a0M., Sauerbier,\u00a0A., Soffietti,\u00a0R., Taba,\u00a0P., & Pisani,\u00a0A. (2021). Primary prevention of COVID\u201019: Advocacy for vaccination from a neurological perspective.\u00a0European Journal of Neurology<\/em>,\u00a028<\/em>(10), 3226-3229.<\/p>\n Shereen,\u00a0M.\u00a0A., Khan,\u00a0S., Kazmi,\u00a0A., Bashir,\u00a0N., & Siddique,\u00a0R. (2020). COVID-19 infection: Emergence, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses.\u00a0Journal of Advanced Research<\/em>,\u00a024<\/em>, 91-98.<\/p>\n According to the CDC, the number of drug overdose deaths increased by nearly 5% from 2018 to 2019 and has quadrupled since 1999.\u00a0Over 70% of the 70,630 deaths in 2019 involved an opioid. From 2018 to 2019, there were significant changes in opioid-involved death rates (CDC, 2017).<\/p>\n Opioids\u00a0are highly addictive, and opioid abuse has become a national crisis in the United States.\u00a0Statistics highlight the severity of the epidemic, with the National Institute on Drug Abuse reporting that more than 2 million Americans abuse\u00a0opioids\u00a0and that more than 90 Americans die by opioid overdose every day, on average (NIH, 2020).<\/p>\n The U.S. presidents that have managed the abuse are President Joe Biden and Donald Trump. They both having different approaches to this matter.<\/p>\n Joe Biden approach\u00a0<\/em>is\u00a0<\/em>to tackle this crisis by making sure people have access to high quality health care\u00a0\u2013\u00a0including substance use disorder treatment and mental health services. That\u2019s what Obamacare did by designating substance use disorder treatment and mental health services\u00a0as essential benefits that insurers must cover, and by expanding\u00a0Medicaid,\u00a0the nation\u2019s largest payer\u00a0for mental health services which also plays an increasingly growing role as a payer for substance use disorder services.\u00a0Biden\u2019s plan to tackle the opioid epidemic and substance use disorders is to defeat Trump and then protect and build on\u00a0Obamacare\u00a0(CNN, 2020).<\/p>\n President Trump wants to repeal Obamacare, including its Medicaid expansion. Repeal would be disastrous for communities and families combating the opioid crisis (CNN, 2020)<\/p>\n As president, I would invest in making sure that primary care providers are prescribing opioids to patient that .have chronic issues, drug testing monthly to make sure patients are not using other drugs. I have patient to give feedback as in if the prescribed dose is helping.<\/p>\n Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, March 17).\u00a0Understanding the epidemic<\/em>. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved November 29, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/opioids\/basics\/epidemic.html.<\/a><\/p>\n U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). National Institutes of Health. Retrieved November 29, 2021, from\u00a0https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/.<\/a><\/p>\n Vazquez, M. (2020, February 2).\u00a0What Trump’s drug policies have meant for America’s opioid epidemic<\/em>. CNN. Retrieved November 29, 2021, from https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2020\/02\/02\/politics\/opioid-epidemic-donald-trump-drug-policy\/index.html.<\/a><\/p>\n It was great reading your discussion post.\u00a0It is fact that Obamacare’s\u00a0approach to the opioid epidemic is similar to the Biden\u00a0administration. Providing high-quality substance abuse treatment and mental health services.<\/p>\n Working in psychiatry and mental health I work with a lot of people whom before the pandemic was able to manage and cope with day-to-day stressors\u00a0however and as a direct result, I have found the number of substance abuse cases has grown exponentially. Thus there are not enough places for us to refer patients to that require substance\u00a0abuse services. Often times than not patients are dually diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder coupled with a substance abuse disorder.<\/p>\n Your suggestion as president is ideal and functions similar to methadone\/suboxone\u00a0clinics. They are established to treat opioids\u00a0and pain management. However, this is a system that is often taken for granted and easily overwhelmed. I would suggest an alternative to opioids\u00a0as the only line of help for chronic pain. For instance non-Westernized\u00a0forms of treatment acupuncture, meditation, and herbs.<\/p>\n Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse\u2019s guide (6th\u00a0ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Barrett Learning\u00a0p. 17-\u00a036.<\/p>\n The population health topic I am choosing is the opioid epidemic. I chose this because it affects such a large population in today’s world. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2022), drug overdose deaths have increased by nearly 5% from 2018 to 2019 and quadrupled since 1999. Over 70% of the 70,630 deaths in 2019 involved an opioid. In 2020, 91,799 drug overdose deaths occurred in the United States. The number continues to rise, and drugs seem to be more accessible.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Regarding social determinants, people from low socio-economic classes have poorer health. They are more likely to use tobacco, drink alcohol at high risk, and use illicit drugs. Drug-dependent people are particularly likely to be unemployed and to experience marginalization, both of which can exacerbate their problems and prevent seeking or benefiting from treatment (Spooner,2017). Drug abuse is not shy when it comes to whom it affects. People in low socioeconomic classes happen to get slammed with drug abuse as we have not provided the right accessibility for them.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>One of President Trump\u2019s solutions was to build a wall. Theoretically, the wall would stop illegal drugs from coming in, and this wall was supposed to be built on the Mexican border. He also said he would enhance access to addiction services, end Medicaid policies that obstruct inpatient treatment, and expand incentives for state and local governments to use drug courts and mandated treatment to respond to the addiction crisis (Kaiser Family Foundation,2017). Although some think the wall may help, it is not the solution to the epidemic. In some cases, working from the outside inward works, but in this case, I think this epidemic needs to be approached from the inside out.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n In this case, I would have started the solution on the inside. I would have targeted what we can control right now. Stopping Illegal drugs from coming in will help in the long run, but you must focus on what illegal drugs are happening in the US. Building a wall doesn’t stop the use, trading, selling, or buying we are currently dealing with. I would work to eliminate those issues, do more research on who this affects the most, and start there. We know people from low socio-economic classes struggle the most, so I start there and work my way out. Maybe we start focusing on getting these people out of this low-income rut. We provide schooling, daycare, and opportunities some people will never receive. Even starting there seems small, but I would further it with Trump’s plan to enhance access to drug addiction services like counselors. I would hold more doctors accountable and pharmaceutical companies pushing these opioids for money.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>According to the Democrat National Committee (2020), President Biden’s solution includes holding people accountable such as big pharmaceutical companies, executives, and others, responsible for their role in triggering the opioid crisis. Biden will create effective prevention, treatment, and recovery services available to all through a $125 billion federal investment. Most importantly, we will stop overprescribing pain medication to citizens. I think Biden’s solutions to this epidemic were much better; these solutions start inward and target the people in the US struggling. I believe the solutions listed will help the country see a decline in opioid deaths, but they won’t solve the issue altogether.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As much as I agree with this approach, I don’t think the primary producers of these drugs are being held accountable enough. I would figure out a way other than fines to serve these companies. Possibly suspending their production may be a helping solution. The problem is these companies are laced with money, so half the time, they don’t even blink at the request to hand over money due to fines. I wouldn’t change much to Biden’s policy otherwise. I think his approach gives people accessibility, and that’s truly what we need to end this epidemic.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2022). Death Rate Maps & Graphs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/deaths\/index.html<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Democrat National Committee. (2020). The Biden plan to end the opioid crisis. Joe Biden for President: Official Campaign Website. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https:\/\/joebiden.com\/opioidcrisis\/<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Kaiser Family Foundation. (2017, January 9). President-elect Donald Trump stands on six health care issues – election 2016: The issues. KFF. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https:\/\/www.kff.org\/report-section\/where-president-elect-donald-trump-stands-on-six-health-care-issues\/#opioid<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nReference:<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n
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