NURS_6630_Week1_Assignment Anatomy of the Neuron<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/span>Anatomy of the Neuron<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n The human brain is organized into the cerebral cortex, brainstem, subcortical structures, and the cerebellum. These anatomical structures are made of inter-connected elements that create distributed and highly inter-connected circuits. It is in these circuits where cognition, behavior, and affect are processed.<\/p>\n \u2014Camprodon, J. A., & Roffman, J. L. (2016, p. 6)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n By using a combination of psychotherapy and medication therapy, psychiatric nurse practitioners (PNP) are positioned to provide a very unique type of care to patients with psychiatric disorders. To be successful in this role, you must have a strong theoretical foundation in pathophysiology, psychopharmacology, and neuroscience. This foundation will help you assess, diagnose, and treat patients as you relate presenting symptoms to theoretical neuronal functioning.<\/p>\n This week, as you begin to study psychopharmacology, you will explore the basic functional unit of the nervous system, the neuron. You will review the structure of the neuron and you will examine the anatomy of the central nervous system and consider the functionality of the different structure and outward (phenotypic) expression of their activities. You will analyze these concepts as you complete your short answer assessment for this week.<\/p>\n Reference: Students will:<\/b><\/p>\n The Practicum Manual describes the structure and timing of the classroom-based and practicum experiences and the policies students must follow to be successful in the nurse practitioner (NP) specialties.<\/b><\/p>\n Click here and follow the instructions to confirm you have downloaded and read the entire MSN Nurse Practitioner Practicum Manual and will abide by the requirements described in order to successfully complete this program.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n The PMHNP Study Support Lounge is offered throughout the course as a place of academic refuge, where you can ask questions, offer insights, and interact with your peers. Your Instructor may also weigh in to provide global feedback to the group based on trends, common problems, and common strengths in student posts.<\/p>\n As a peer, you are encouraged to provide constructive, helpful feedback to your peers. Advanced practice nurses always benefit from the feedback of others. Your Study Support Lounge posts may be procedural (\u201cHow do I attach a Kaltura video to a Discussion post?\u201d), conceptual (\u201cHow does this relate to the other therapy approaches we have studied?\u201d), or analytical (\u201cWhat do these diagnostic results actually mean in the context of this specific patient case?\u201d). Although not mandatory, this is an opportunity to interact and study together as you navigate the assignments, so you are highly encouraged to take part in this activity. Full participation in activities like these is a statistically significant predictor of success.<\/p>\n To Participate in this Optional Discussion:<\/p>\n PMHNP Study Support Lounge<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n As a psychiatric nurse practitioner, before you can recommend potential pharmacotherapeutics to address a patient\u2019s condition or disorder, you must understand the basic function and structure of the neuron and central nervous system. For this Assignment, you will review and apply your understanding of neuroanatomy by addressing a set of short answer prompts.<\/p>\n Photo Credit: Getty Images\/Science Photo Libra<\/small><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n Address the following Short Answer prompts for your Assignment. Be sure to include references to the Learning Resources for this week.<\/p>\n Submit<\/b>\u00a0your Assignment.<\/p>\n To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:<\/b><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Anatomy of the Neuron<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The neuron has the following parts; the cell body, axon, dendrites, myelin sheath, Schwann cells and the axon terminals. The cell body contains the nucleus while the protrusions called dendrons extend from the cell body. On the dendrons arises finer branching extensions referred to as dendrites whereas the axon arises from the cell body at the axon hillock. The axon is covered by insulating substance called myelin sheath, which contains the Schwann cells. The neuron receives the signals at the dendrite trees, at which point it then fires the impulse by action potential through the axon to the terminal dendrites that make connections with target cells such as the muscle cells.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Subcortical Structure<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The subcortical structures are; diencephalon, pituitary gland, limbic structures and the basal ganglia. The limbic structure controls learning, memory and addiction. The key neurotransmitters located in the nigra striatal region of the brain that play a major role in motor control are dopamine and gamma \u2013aminobutyric acid (GABA) (Sonne & Beato, 2018). There are four main types of glial cells in the adult nervous systems, that is, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and Schwann cells. Astrocytes help regulate flow of blood in the brain, maintain the composition of fluids around the neurons and regulate communication between neurons at the synapse. Microglia remove the dead cells and unwanted materials around the neurons. The Schwann and oligodendrocytes have a protective role since they produce myelin sheath that insulates the axon and increases speed of transmission of nerve impulses along the axon (Sonne & Beato, 2018). At the synapse, the parts associated with the communication process of the neurons include the dendrites and the cell bodies of the other neurons. The direction of flow of the electrical impulses is from the presynaptic cell membrane of dendrites to the post synaptic cell membrane of the cell body of another neuron through acetylcholine.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Neuroplasticity refers to the unique ability of the brain to adapt to change both in terms of structure or function and this occurs as lifetime process in response to experiences (Voss et al., 2017). The research findings reveal that neuroplasticity varies among individuals. Three of the main factors that affect variability of neuroplasticity are age, sex and sensory experiences (Voss et al., 2017).\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n References<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Sonne, J., & Beato, M. R. (2018, December 28). Neuroanatomy, Substantia Nigra. Retrieved from Nih.gov website: <\/span>https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK536995\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nWeek 1: Introduction to Neuroanatomy<\/h2>\n
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\n<\/sub>Camprodon, J. A., & Roffman, J. L. (2016). Psychiatric neuroscience: Incorporating pathophysiology into clinical case formulation. In T. A. Stern, M. Favo, T. E. Wilens, & J. F. Rosenbaum. (Eds.),\u00a0Massachusetts General Hospital psychopharmacology and neurotherapeutics<\/i>\u00a0(pp. 1\u201319). Elsevier.<\/p>\nLearning Objectives<\/h3>\n
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\nLearning Resources<\/h1>\n
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\nAssignment<\/h1>\n
Practicum Manual Acknowledgment<\/h4>\n
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\nOptional Discussion Forum: PMHNP Study Support Lounge<\/h1>\n
\nAssignment: Short Answer Assessment<\/h2>\n
To Prepare:<\/h4>\n
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<\/span><\/p>\nTo complete:<\/h4>\n
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By Day 7<\/h5>\n
Submission and Grading Information<\/h3>\n
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A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NURS_6630_Week1_Assignment Anatomy of the Neuron<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Title: NURS_6630_Week1_Assignment Anatomy of the Neuron<\/strong><\/h2>\n