Gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary disorders affect the structure and function of the GI tract. Many of these disorders often have similar symptoms, such as abdominal pain, cramping, constipation, nausea, bloating, and fatigue. Since multiple disorders can be tied to the same symptoms, it is important for advanced practice nurses to carefully evaluate patients and prescribe a treatment that targets the cause rather than the symptom.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Once the underlying cause is identified, an appropriate drug therapy plan can be recommended based on medical history and individual patient factors. In this Assignment, you examine a case study of a patient who presents with symptoms of a possible GI\/hepatobiliary disorder, and you design an appropriate drug therapy plan.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.<\/span> Write<\/span><\/b>\u202fa 1-page paper that addresses the following:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Reminder:<\/span><\/b>\u202fThe College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The Sample Paper provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at\u202f<\/span>http:\/\/writingcenter.waldenu.edu\/57.htm\u202fLinks to an external site.<\/span><\/a>). All papers submitted must use this formatting.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the\u202f<\/span>Turnitin Drafts<\/span><\/b>\u202ffrom the\u202f<\/span>Start Here<\/span><\/b>\u202farea.\u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The patient in the case study presents with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. He has a drug abuse history and likely Hepatitis C. The current drug therapy includes Synthroid, Nifedipine, and Prednisone. The purpose of this assignment is to discuss the diagnosis and appropriate pharmacotherapy for the patient.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Hepatitis C infection is the presumptive diagnosis. This is a liver inflammation caused by Hepatitis C virus (HCV). It is spread through sexual intercourse with infected persons, sharing personal items, and sharing drug-injection equipment (Ghany et al., 2020). Most infected persons are asymptomatic. Symptomatic cases present symptoms like fatigue, fever, reduced appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, pale feces, dark urine, myalgia, and jaundice (Jin, 2020). Therefore, Hepatitis C is the primary diagnosis because of the positive symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea and the client\u2019s history of drug abuse and Hepatitis C infection.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The recommended drug therapy will include a combination of Ombitasvir\/paritaprevir\/ritonavir (Technivie) for 12 weeks to treat Hepatitis C infection. Technivie is indicated for HCV infection in patients without cirrhosis. Ombitasvir inhibits HCV NS5A, which is needed for Hepatitis C viral replication. Paritaprevir inhibits NS3\/4A serine protease required for proteolytic cleavage of the HCV-encoded polyprotein into mature forms (Wu et al., 2019). Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor that elevates paritaprevir serum levels. Nifedipine would be reduced to 10 mg and Prednisone to 5 mg since they are associated with GI side effects.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The patient’s nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea symptoms are consistent with Hepatitis C infection. Besides, the history of Hepatitis C and drug abuse make HCV infection the likely diagnosis. A combination of Ombitasvir\/paritaprevir\/ritonavir will be recommended to treat the HCV infection,\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Ghany, M. G., Morgan, T. R., & AASLD\u2010IDSA hepatitis C guidance panel. (2020). Hepatitis C guidance 2019 update: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases\u2013Infectious Diseases Society of America recommendations for testing, managing, and treating hepatitis C virus infection.\u202f<\/span>Hepatology<\/span><\/i>,\u202f<\/span>71<\/span><\/i>(2), 686\u2013721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.31060<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Jin, J. (2020). Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection.\u202f<\/span>JAMA<\/span><\/i>,\u202f<\/span>323<\/span><\/i>(10), 1008-1008. doi:10.1001\/jama.2020.1761<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Wu, J., Huang, P., Fan, H., Tian, T., Xia, X., Fu, Z., … & Zhang, Y. (2019). Effectiveness of ombitasvir\/paritaprevir\/ritonavir, dasabuvir for HCV in HIV\/HCV coinfected subjects: a comprehensive analysis.\u202f<\/span>Virology journal<\/span><\/i>,\u202f<\/span>16<\/span><\/i>(1), 1\u201310.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The case study depicts a 46-year-old female patient with a chief complaint of RUQ pain for the last 24 hours. The RUQ pain began an hour after dinner, and she had nausea and vomiting x1 before the pain started. The abdomen is non-distended but has mild tenderness. Lab results revealed a high WBC count and Direct bilirubin. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the patient\u2019s diagnosis and treatment plan.<\/p>\n Hepatitis A is the identified diagnosis for this case. It is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) transmitted via the fecal-oral route through person-to-person contact and ingesting contaminated food or water. The classical presentation in adults includes anorexia, RUQ pain, jaundice, and hyperbilirubinemia (Abutaleb & Kottilil, 2020). Hepatitis A is the presumptive diagnosis based on pertinent positive symptoms of nausea, vomiting, RUQ pain, abdominal tenderness, and high direct bilirubin levels. Besides, an elevated WBC count indicates an underlying infection.<\/p>\n Treatment of Hepatitis A is usually supportive. I would recommend Acetaminophen 500 mg per oral twice daily to relieve pain. Pain relief is important to promote quality patient care in the acute phase of Hepatitis A (Ntouva et al., 2019). In addition, I would recommend Metoclopramide 10 mg PRN. Metoclopramide is an antiemetic and will be important to alleviate nausea and vomiting. In addition, inactivated Hepatitis A vaccine will be administered for active immunization against diseases associated with HAV (Ntouva et al., 2019).<\/p>\n The patient presented with symptoms consistent with Hepatitis A, such as nausea, RUQ pain, mild abdominal tenderness, hyperbilirubinemia, and an elevated WBC count. Hepatitis A could be due to transmission of HAV from contaminated food or water. The treatment plan will include supportive measures such as pain control and alleviating nausea and vomiting using an analgesic and antiemetic.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Abutaleb, A., & Kottilil, S. (2020). Hepatitis A: Epidemiology, Natural History, Unusual Clinical Manifestations, and Prevention.\u00a0Gastroenterology clinics of North America<\/em>,\u00a049<\/em>(2), 191\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2020.01.002<\/a><\/p>\nRESOURCES<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n
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A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NURS 6521 PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATOBILIARY DISORDERS<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Title: NURS 6521 PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATOBILIARY DISORDERS<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Diagnosis<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n
Appropriate Drug Therapy<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n
Conclusion<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n
References<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n
A Sample Answer 2 For the Assignment: NURS 6521 PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATOBILIARY DISORDERS<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Title: NURS 6521 PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATOBILIARY DISORDERS<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Diagnosis<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Drug Therapy Plan<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u00a0<\/strong>References<\/strong><\/h2>\n