PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

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PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies

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Topic 5 DQ 2

May 19-23, 2022

What are the two main types of analytic studies? Explain the role of hypothesis testing for risk factors and disease. Provide an example of a hypothesis in epidemiologic research and the methods used to test it.

 

A Sample Answer For the Assignment: PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

Title: PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

JT

Posted Date

May 24, 2022, 7:31 PM(edited)

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Analytic epidemiology compares using a control group of people that were not affected. This allows the epidemiologist to root out certain characteristics that are specifically associated with the disease as opposed to not being associated with the disease. Just like in the church outbreak, the people that belonged to the church, but had not had dinner on that night were excluded from the pool to be investigated. When characteristics can be identified that are associated with the disease, it gives public health the chance to start working on interventions. It can also lead to determining what a specific cause may be. This is done by studying the associated and non-associated groups by either an experimental study or observational study.   Observational studies can then be either: cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies

 

Hypothesis testing is part of the analytical epidemiology but is involved more so with interventional study. That part that helps create a cure. As discussed by Friis and Sellers (2020) a statistical test is done to determine the validity of the results. Is that data from the interventional group significantly different from the results of the non-interventional group. In other words, those that got the vaccine and those that did not. We saw this play out in the phase 4 trials of the COVID-19 clinical trials. Can those results be arrived at under the same circumstances with similar study participants? If yes, then your study is significantly important. This is what Pfizer, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson did. Of course, this is simplified, but this is the gist of hypothesis testing. This is a type is a cohort study.

 

References PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

 

Dicker et al. (2012). Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice: An Introduction to Applied 

Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention.  https://www.cdc.gov/cels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section7.html

 

Friis, R. H., & Sellers, T. (2020). Epidemiology for public health practice (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

  • NC

 

May 25, 2022, 7:29 PM

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Thanks for sharing a detailed post on analytic epidemiology. I like how you mentioned the importance of hypothesis testing and its importance’s on epidemiology. Additionally, I would like to add the importance of statistical significance in hypothesis testing. According to Sheffler & Huecker (2022) “Healthcare providers should always delineate statistical significance from clinical significance, a common error when reviewing biomedical research. When conceptualizing findings reported as either significant or not significant, healthcare providers should not simply accept researchers’ results or conclusions without considering the clinical significance. Healthcare professionals should consider the clinical importance of findings and understand both p values and confidence intervals, so they do not have to rely on the researchers to determine the level of significance. One criterion often used to determine statistical significance is the utilization of p values.”

 

Reference PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

Shreffler J, Huecker MR. Hypothesis Testing, P Values, Confidence Intervals, and Significance (2022). Retrieved  from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557421/

  • SS

May 25, 2022, 11:58 PM

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Great discussion post, you have a good explanation of the importance of hypothesis. Formulating hypothesis is essential in research studies. It helps us identify what kind of measures is needed for research (Rosenstock & Hochbaum. 2010). It is critical step in conducting research and it also helps in identifying the research design appropriate for the study. Testing the hypothesis determines the efficiency of research.

 

ReferencePUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

Rosenstock, I. M., & Hochbaum, G. M. (2010). Some principles of research design in public

health. 1961. American journal of public health, 100(10), 1861–1863.

https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.100.10.1861

  • PS

Phylicia Stubblefield

replied toJeneen Thompson-McLaurin

May 26, 2022, 1:15 PM

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Replies to Jeneen Thompson-McLaurin

Hello Jareen,

Analytic epidemiology studies the comparison of the exposed versus the unexposed. Analytic epidemiology allows for testing of hypotheses In an example of an experimental study, Dicker et al. (2012) mentions that with randomized clinical trials, one group of people may receive a vaccine (exposed) and the control group receives a sugar pill type of vaccine in order to test the effectiveness of the vaccine. Randomized trials is the golden standard for research and testing hypothesis but the greater disadvantage is that its expensive.

References PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies?

Dicker et al. (2012). Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice: An Introduction to Applied 

Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention.  https://www.cdc.gov/cels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section7.html

PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies
PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies

 

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PUB 540 Topic 5 DQ 2 What are the two main types of analytic studies? Grading Rubric Guidelines

Performance Category 10 9 8 4 0
Scholarliness

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Performance Category  10 9 8 4 0
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Performance Category  5 4 3 2 0
Interactive Dialogue

Replies to each graded thread topic posted by the course instructor, by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT, of each week, and posts a minimum of two times in each graded thread, on separate days.

(5 points possible per graded thread)
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  • Replies to a question posed by a peer

Summarizes what was learned from the lesson, readings, and other student posts for the week.
  • Meets expectations of 2 posts on 2 different days.
  • The main post is not made by the Wednesday deadline
  • Does not reply to a question posed by a peer or faculty
  • Has only one post for the week
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  Minus 1 Point Minus 2 Point Minus 3 Point Minus 4 Point Minus 5 Point
Grammar, Syntax, APA

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Points deducted for improper grammar, syntax and APA style of writing.

The source of information is the APA Manual 6th Edition
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  • 4-5 errors in APA format.
  • Writing responses have 4-5 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style is somewhat focused.
  • 6-7 errors in APA format.
  • Writing responses have 6-7 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style is slightly focused making discussion difficult to understand.
  • 8-10 errors in APA format.
  • Writing responses have 8-10 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style is not focused, making discussion difficult to understand.
  • Post contains greater than 10 errors in APA format.
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0 points lost       -5 points lost
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per discussion thread

 The student answers the threaded discussion question or topic on one day and posts a second response on another day. The student does not meet the minimum requirement of two postings on two different days
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 The student must provide a substantive answer to the graded discussion question(s) or topic(s), posted by the course instructor (not a response to a peer), by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT of each week. The student does not meet the requirement of a substantive response to the stated question or topic by Wednesday at 11:59 pm MT.

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