PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

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Topic 2 DQ 2

Apr 28-May 2, 2022

Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance. What criteria should you look for when screening for a disease?

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

JR

Posted Date

May 4, 2022, 4:01 PM

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Passive and Active Surveillance

Passive surveillance “surveillance in which available data on reportable disease are used, or in which disease reporting is mandated or required, with the responsibility for the reporting often falling on the health care provider or district health officer” (Gordis, 2004 pg. 39).

Passive surveillance is less costly; however, local outbreaks may be missed due to the relatively amount of cases being small. Many countries have systems in place for passive reporting for a number of reportable cases that are generally infectious. Most surveillance for communicable diseases is passive. Notifiable diseases are those considered to be of public health importance and is a form of passive surveillance.

 

Active surveillance” surveillance in which project staff are recruited to carry out a surveillance program” (Gordis, 2014, pg. 39). More time and resources are required with active surveillance. Surveys are utilized, and interviewing involves physicians and patients and review of medical records. Reporting is generally more accurate because individuals carrying out active surveillance are specifically employed to carry out their responsibility (Gordis, 2014).

Reference PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

Gordis, L. (2014). Epidemiology (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders

SS

Posted Date

May 3, 2022, 9:32 PM

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The screening is utilized to determine early signs and symptoms of illness or health conditions to provide early treatment or intervention to prevent health complications from the disease in an individual (Oleske, 2009). Surveillance is described as an organized process to collect data about disease or health problems, analyze these data, and conduct an evaluation to provide this information to those who are actively involved in the health problem (Oleske, 2009). Screening may be conducted through technology such as x-ray, questionnaires or surveys, clinical assessments such as breast examination, and laboratory testing to identify health issues while surveillance is a continuous process of monitoring health problems.

A good example of a screening procedure is a home test kit for COVID-19 to identify if the individual is positive for COVID-19. Surveillance is conducted by providing information to local public health departments such as a number of positive cases in schools or communities to identify protocols or improve protocols that will promote the health of the communities.

Reference PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

Oleske, D. M. (2009). Screening and Surveillance for Promoting Population Health. Epidemiology and the Delivery of Health Care Services: Methods and Applications, 131–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0164-4_5

  • FK

May 4, 2022, 4:18 PM

Replies to Stephanie Sy Loria

Hi Stephanie permit me to add this to your post

Screening is the systematic use of a test or inquiry to identify individuals who are at a high enough risk of a specific condition to benefit from further research.

Screening tests for health are an important aspect of medical treatment. Simple surveys, lab tests, radiological exams, and procedures are all examples of screening. However, just because a test is available for screening does not indicate it is a good screening test.

For a screening exam, technical precision is required but not sufficient. A health screening program is made up of the correct test, disease, patient, and treatment plan.

If a screening program is to be effective, the prevalence of detectable occult disease must be high enough to justify screening large numbers of healthy people. Screening recommendations usually reflect some interaction between the age at which to begin screening and the interval between screenings.

Reference: PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

 

Augustin, S., Pons, M., Maurice, J. B., Bureau, C., Stefanescu, H., Ney, M., … & Genescà, J. (2017). Expanding the Baveno VI criteria for the screening of varices in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease. Hepatology, 66(6), 1980-1988.

 

Chang, P. E., Tan, C. K., Cheah, C. C., Li, W., Chow, W. C., & Wong, Y. J. (2021). Validation of the Expanded Baveno-VI criteria for screening gastroscopy in asian patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 66, 1343-1348.

 

 

  • SS

May 4, 2022, 11:59 PM

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Thank you for the response and additional information. This made me realize that screening is very important to both medical and nursing practice. Screening is a lot faster procedure compared to surveillance. Recently, I just conducted a massive state mandatory vision and hearing screening for elementary students where I currently work.

 

Reference PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

 

Friis, R.H. & Sellers, T.A. (2021). Epidemiology for public health practice (6th ed.). Burlington,

 

MA: Jones& Bartlett Learning.

PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance
PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance

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PUB 540 Topic 2 DQ 2 Discuss the difference between screening and surveillance Grading Rubric Guidelines

Performance Category 10 9 8 4 0
Scholarliness

Demonstrates achievement of scholarly inquiry for professional and academic decisions.
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  • Discusses using scholarly inquiry but does not state how scholarly inquiry informed or changed professional or academic decisions.
  • Information is taken from source(s) with some interpretation/evaluation, but not enough to develop a coherent analysis or synthesis.
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  • Demonstrates little or no understanding of the topic.
  • Discusses using scholarly inquiry but does not state how scholarly inquiry informed or changed professional or academic decisions.
  • Information is taken from source(s) without any interpretation/evaluation.
  • The posting uses information that is not valid, relevant, or reliable
  • No evidence of the use of scholarly inquiry to inform or change professional or academic decisions.
  • Information is not valid, relevant, or reliable
Performance Category  10 9 8 4 0
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  • Posts do not adequately address the question posed either by the discussion prompt or the instructor’s launch post.
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Performance Category  5 4 3 2 0
Interactive Dialogue

Replies to each graded thread topic posted by the course instructor, by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT, of each week, and posts a minimum of two times in each graded thread, on separate days.

(5 points possible per graded thread)
  • Exceeds minimum post requirements
  • Replies to each graded thread topic posted by the course instructor, by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT, of each week, and posts three or more times in each graded thread, over three separate days.
  • Replies to a post posed by faculty and to a peer
  • Summarizes what was learned from the lesson, readings, and other student posts for the week.
  • Replies to each graded thread topic posted by the course instructor, by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT, of each week, and posts a minimum of two times in each graded thread, on separate days
  • Replies to a question posed by a peer

Summarizes what was learned from the lesson, readings, and other student posts for the week.
  • Meets expectations of 2 posts on 2 different days.
  • The main post is not made by the Wednesday deadline
  • Does not reply to a question posed by a peer or faculty
  • Has only one post for the week
  • Discussion posts contain few, if any, new ideas or applications; often are a rehashing or summary of other students’ comments
  • Does not post to the thread
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  Minus 1 Point Minus 2 Point Minus 3 Point Minus 4 Point Minus 5 Point
Grammar, Syntax, APA

Note: if there are only a few errors in these criteria, please note this for the student in as an area for improvement. If the student does not make the needed corrections in upcoming weeks, then points should be deducted.

Points deducted for improper grammar, syntax and APA style of writing.

The source of information is the APA Manual 6th Edition
  • 2-3 errors in APA format.
  • Written responses have 2-3 grammatical, spelling, and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style is generally clear, focused, and facilitates communication.
  • 4-5 errors in APA format.
  • Writing responses have 4-5 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style is somewhat focused.
  • 6-7 errors in APA format.
  • Writing responses have 6-7 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style is slightly focused making discussion difficult to understand.
  • 8-10 errors in APA format.
  • Writing responses have 8-10 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style is not focused, making discussion difficult to understand.
  • Post contains greater than 10 errors in APA format.
  • Written responses have more than 10 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
  • Writing style does not facilitate communication.
  • The student continues to make repeated mistakes in any of the above areas after written correction by the instructor
0 points lost       -5 points lost
Total Participation Requirements

per discussion thread

 The student answers the threaded discussion question or topic on one day and posts a second response on another day. The student does not meet the minimum requirement of two postings on two different days
Early Participation Requirement

per discussion thread

 The student must provide a substantive answer to the graded discussion question(s) or topic(s), posted by the course instructor (not a response to a peer), by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT of each week. The student does not meet the requirement of a substantive response to the stated question or topic by Wednesday at 11:59 pm MT.

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