NURS 6521 Assignment Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
NURS 6521 Assignment Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Alzheimer Disease
The case study is about a 76-year-old male Iranian patient suspected of having Alzheimer’s disease. The conclusion is reports based on his eldest son, and during the test, there were no organic disease processes found. The behavioral changes began two years earlier, which involved changes in personality and apathy, accompanied by memory loss, which challenges in recognizing the appropriate words. During the speech, self-reported euthymic mood and clinical interview confabulation are often noticed. The patient often has an impairment and a lack of impulse control in his insight and judgment. There is no reported ideation of suicide, and because of Alzheimer’s disease, the patient is diagnosed with neurocognitive disorder.
NURS 6521 Assignment Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Donepezil 5 mg at bedtime will be used as the first approach. The donepezil use has been studied for decades by patients who have Alzheimer’s disease. The medication is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, which raises the brain’s acetylcholine levels also makes up for the reduced cholinergic neurons function (Čolović, Krstić, Lazarević-Pašti, Bondžić, & Vasić, 2013). An evaluation of randomized clinical trials analyzes the effect that donepezil has on Alzheimer’s patients utilizing randomized control trials. The results revealed that there is evidence that donepezil is effective in managing this condition in three main fields, including behavior, functional capacity, and cognition (Knowles, 2006, pp. 195–219). These are the key areas in which the patient affected as well as the aim was to reduce his quality of life effect. As demonstrated in the case, he had major personality changes that had a negative impact on his involvement in activities of interest. NURS 6521 Assignment Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
The effects of Donepezil vary as complications may occur along with minimal clinical benefits. The patient-reported side effects documented in patients taking this medication, like appetite, loss of weight, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. (Kumar & Sharma., 2019).
The second decision was cognitive behavioral therapy use, that has been shown to have a beneficial effect in early-stage patients of Alzheimer’s disease. In isolated cases, evidence suggesting psychosocial treatments for dementia patients identified (Forstmeier, Maercker, Savaskan, & Roth, 2015). There is also limited empirical information on such approaches, though. Among patients who have neuropsychiatric symptoms, certain researchers have described behavioral treatments as necessary. This may also be used by the patient to promote behavior, especially directed at reducing apathy & enhancing the patient’s self-control. Mood improvement might have a positive effect on the quality of life as well as the patient’s ability to engage in activities that increase his cognitive status.
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In this case, the third decision will involve family members in the therapeutic process, which will continue to improve behaviors that
NURS 6521 Assignment Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
help the patient. The aim is to improve the patient’s support system and also daily interactions, though it has been shown to have a significant effect on the emotional and cognitive well-being of dementia patients. NURS 6521 Assignment Decision Tree for Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
References
Čolović, M. B., Krstić, D. Z., Lazarević-Pašti, T. D., Bondžić, A. M., & Vasić, a. V. (2013). Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology. Curr Neuropharmacol, 11(3), 315–335. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3648782/
Forstmeier, S., Maercker, A., Savaskan, E., & Roth, a. T. (2015). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for mild Alzheimer’s patients and their caregivers (CBTAC): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials., 16. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4650298/
Knowles, J. (2006). Donepezil in Alzheimer’s disease: an evidence-based review of its impact on clinical and economic outcomes. Core Evid., 1(3), 195–219. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321665/
Kumar, A., & Sharma., S. (2019). Donepezil. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513257/