Sample Answer for NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics Included After Question
In this exercise, you will complete a 10- to 20-essay type question Knowledge Check to gauge your understanding of this module’s content.
Possible topics covered in this Knowledge Check include:
-
- Growth and development
- Normal growth patterns
- Scoliosis (ortho)
- Kawasaki
- Alterations in children
- Congenital (heart syndrome)
- PDAs
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
- Asthma
- Lead poisoning and effects on neurological functioning
- Sickle cell
- Hemophilia
Photo Credit: laflor / E+ / Getty Images
(Note: It is strongly recommended that you take the Knowledge Check at least 48 hours before taking the Final Exam.)
Complete the Knowledge Check By Day 5 of Week 11
To complete this Knowledge Check:
Module 8 Knowledge Check
Final Exam
This 101-question exam is a test of your knowledge in preparation for your certification exam. No outside resources, including books, notes, websites, or any other type of resource, are to be used to complete this exam. You are expected to comply with Walden University’s Code of Conduct.
This exam will be on topics covered in Weeks 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11. Prior to starting the exam, you should review all of your materials. This exam is timed with a limit of 2 hours for completion. When time is up, your exam will automatically submit.
(Note: It is strongly recommended that you take the Knowledge Check at least 48 hours before taking the Final Exam.)
Photo Credit: Getty Images
By Day 7 of Week 11
Complete and submit your Final Exam.
To complete your exam:
Final Exam
What’s Coming Up?
Congratulations! After you have finished all of the assignments for this week, you have completed the course. Please submit your Course Evaluation by the end of the week.
Week 11: Concepts of Pediatrics
Pediatric disorders can present unique challenges to patients, families, and healthcare providers. Disorders in these areas are complicated by the fact that young patients can have difficulties communicating symptoms. Furthermore, the manner in which disease and disorders manifest in children may be unique.
APRNs working to support these patients and their loved ones must demonstrate not only support and compassion, but expertise to communicate and guide understanding of diagnoses and treatment plans. This includes an understanding of disease and disorders at the pediatric level.
This week, you examine pathophysiology in pediatrics. You apply key terms, concepts, and principles in this area to demonstrate an understanding of the impact they have on altered physiology in children.
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Learning Objectives
Students will:
- Analyze concepts and principles of pathophysiology across the lifespan
Learning Resources
Required Readings (click to expand/reduce)
McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.
- Chapter 14: Cancer in Children, including Summary Review
- Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children (stop at Childhood tumors); Summary Review
- Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children (stop at Defects decreasing pulmonary blood flow); Summary Review
- Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children (stop at Congenital malformations); Summary Review
- Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children, including Summary Review
- Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children, including Summary Review
- Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children (stop at Avascular diseases); (start at Cerebral palsy) (musculoskeletal tumors in children); Summary Review
- Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children, including Summary Review
- Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children, including Summary Review
Document: NURS 6501 Final Exam Review (PDF document)
Note: Use this document to help you as you review for your Final Exam in Week 11.
Module 8 Overview with Dr. Tara Harris
Dr. Tara Harris reviews the structure of Module 8 as well as the expectations for the module. Consider how you will manage your time as you review your media and Learning Resources throughout the module to prepare for your Knowledge Check and your Final Exam. (3m)
Pediatrics – Week 11 (14m)
Note: The approximate length of the media program is 34 minutes.
Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapter 20, 34, 37, 40, 43, and 46 that relate to alterations in hematological function in children. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/
A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Title: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Scenario 1: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
An 11-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents who states that the boy has not been eating and listless. The mother also notes that he has been easily bruising without trauma as he says he is too tired to go out and play. He says his bones hurt sometimes. Mother states the child has had intermittent fevers that respond to acetaminophen.
Maternal history negative for pre, intra, or post-partum problems.
PMH: Negative. Easily reached developmental milestones.
PE: reveals a thin, very pale child who has bruises on his arms and legs in no particular pattern.
LABS: CBC revealed Hemoglobin of 6.9/dl, hematocrit of 19%, and platelet count of 80,000/mm3. The CMP demonstrated a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 34m g/dl and creatinine of 2.9 mg/dl.
DIAGNOSIS: acute leukemia and renal failure and immediately refers the patient to the Emergency Room where a pediatric hematologist has been consulted and is waiting for the boy and his parents.
CONFIRMED DX: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was made after extensive testing.
Question
- Explain what ALL is?
Your Answer:
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer that primarily affects the blood and bone marrow. It is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of immature white blood cells, specifically lymphoblasts, which are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune system. In a healthy individual, these cells mature into different types of lymphocytes that play crucial roles in defending the body against infections.
In ALL, the abnormal lymphoblasts accumulate in the bone marrow, interfering with the production of normal blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. As a result, the bone marrow becomes overcrowded with cancerous cells, leading to a decrease in the production of healthy blood cells.
The symptoms described in the scenario, such as fatigue, paleness, bruising, bone pain, and fever, are common manifestations of ALL. The reduced number of red blood cells (anemia) leads to fatigue and pallor, while the decreased platelet count contributes to easy bruising and bleeding. The bone pain could be a result of the overcrowding of the bone marrow with cancerous cells.
A Sample Answer 2 For the Assignment: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Title: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Scenario 1: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
An 11-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents who states that the boy has not been eating and listless. The mother also notes that he has been easily bruising without trauma as he says he is too tired to go out and play. He says his bones hurt sometimes. Mother states the child has had intermittent fevers that respond to acetaminophen.
Maternal history negative for pre, intra, or post-partum problems.
PMH: Negative. Easily reached developmental milestones.
PE: reveals a thin, very pale child who has bruises on his arms and legs in no particular pattern.
LABS: CBC revealed Hemoglobin of 6.9/dl, hematocrit of 19%, and platelet count of 80,000/mm3. The CMP demonstrated a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 34m g/dl and creatinine of 2.9 mg/dl.
DIAGNOSIS: acute leukemia and renal failure and immediately refers the patient to the Emergency Room where a pediatric hematologist has been consulted and is waiting for the boy and his parents.
CONFIRMED DX: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was made after extensive testing.
Question
- Why does ARF occur in some patients with ALL?
Your Answer:
Acute Renal Failure (ARF) can occur in some patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) due to multiple factors. The rapid breakdown of leukemic cells, often seen in the initial stages of treatment, can result in Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS), leading to an overload of electrolytes and waste products in the bloodstream that overwhelms the kidneys’ filtering capacity. Additionally, chemotherapy, while targeting cancer cells, can inadvertently damage healthy cells including those in the kidneys, contributing to kidney dysfunction. Leukemic cells infiltrating the kidneys can disrupt their normal function, infections and sepsis can trigger a systemic inflammatory response affecting kidney blood flow, and the overall physical stress of ALL symptoms, such as reduced fluid intake and vomiting, can lead to dehydration and hypovolemia. This combination of factors can lead to renal failure, characterized by elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, requiring prompt and targeted intervention to manage kidney dysfunction alongside the treatment of ALL.
A Sample Answer 3 For the Assignment: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Title: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Scenario 2: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
A 15-year-old male with known sickle cell disease (SCD) present to the ER in sickle cell crisis. The patient is crying with pain and states this is the third acute episode he has had in the last 10-months. Both parents are present and appear very anxious and teary eyed. A diagnosis of acute sickle cell crisis was made.
Question
- Explain the pathophysiology of acute SCD crisis. Why is pain the predominate feature of acute crises?
Your Answer:
Acute Sickle Cell Crisis in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is characterized by the blockage of small blood vessels due to clumping of misshapen red blood cells, causing reduced blood flow and tissue oxygenation. This vaso-occlusion triggers inflammation, activating pain receptors in the affected areas, resulting in severe pain. Additionally, the cycle of blockage and release during vaso-occlusion leads to tissue damage and further inflammation, intensifying the pain. This complex process involving vaso-occlusion, inflammation, tissue ischemia, and pain receptor activation collectively makes pain the predominant feature of acute SCD crises.
A Sample Answer 4 For the Assignment: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Title: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Scenario 2: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
A 15-year-old male with known sickle cell disease (SCD) present to the ER in sickle cell crisis. The patient is crying with pain and states this is the third acute episode he has had in the last 10-months. Both parents are present and appear very anxious and teary eyed. A diagnosis of acute sickle cell crisis was made.
Question
- Discuss the genetic basis for SCD.
Your Answer:
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is caused by a genetic mutation in the beta-globin gene, resulting in the production of abnormal hemoglobin S (HbS). HbS causes red blood cells to become rigid and take on a sickle shape, leading to blockages in blood vessels (vaso-occlusion), reduced oxygen delivery, tissue damage, and acute pain episodes. SCD is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, requiring two copies of the mutated gene for the disease to manifest. Carriers of one normal and one mutated gene have sickle cell trait.
A Sample Answer 5 For the Assignment: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Title: NURS 6501 Knowledge Check Concepts of Pediatrics
Scenario 3: Hemophilia
8-month infant is brought into the office due to a swollen right knee and excessive bruising. The parents have noticed bruising about a month ago but thought the bruising was due to the attempts to crawl. They became concerned when the baby woke up with a swollen knee. Infant up to date on all immunizations, has not had any medical problems since birth and has met all developmental milestones.
FH: negative for any history of bleeding disorders or other major genetic diseases.
PE: within normal limits except for obvious bruising on the extremities and right knee. Knee is swollen but no warmth appreciated. Range of motion of knee limited due to the swelling.
DIAGNOSIS: hemophilia A.
Question
- What is the pathophysiology of Hemophilia
Your Answer:
Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder where there is a deficiency or dysfunction of a specific clotting factor (factor VIII in hemophilia A or factor IX in hemophilia B). This disruption in the clotting cascade leads to ineffective formation of stable blood clots. As a result, individuals with hemophilia experience prolonged bleeding after injuries or trauma, as well as spontaneous bleeding into joints and soft tissues. Diagnosis involves measuring clotting factor levels, and treatment includes replacing the deficient clotting factor to control bleeding and prevent complications.
Lopes Write Policy
For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy
The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication
Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.
Important information for writing discussion questions and participation
Welcome to class
Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to
I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.
Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.
If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.
Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.
Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.
I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!
Hi Class,
Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.
Contact me if you have any questions.
Important information on Writing a Discussion Question
- Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
- There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
- Include in-text citations in your response
- Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
- Follow APA-7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor
- A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
- Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
- Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
- Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
- Follow APA 7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
- Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
- Here are some helpful links
- Student paper example
- Citing Sources
- The Writing Center is a great resource