Sample Answer for NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Included After Question
When you decide to purchase a new car, you first decide what is important to you. If mileage and dependability are the important factors, you will search for data focused more on these factors and less on color options and sound systems.
The same holds true when searching for research evidence to guide your clinical inquiry and professional decisions. Developing a formula for an answerable, researchable question that addresses your need will make the search process much more effective. One such formula is the PICO(T) format.
In this Discussion, you will transform a clinical inquiry into a searchable question in PICO(T) format, so you can search the electronic databases more effectively and efficiently. You will share this PICO(T) question and examine strategies you might use to increase the rigor and effectiveness of a database search on your PICO(T) question.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
To Prepare:
- Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.
- Review the materials offering guidance on using databases, performing keyword searches, and developing PICO(T) questions provided in the Resources.
- Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least two different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles.
- Review the Resources for guidance and develop a PICO(T) question of interest to you for further study. It is suggested that an Intervention-type PICOT question be developed as these seem to work best for this course.
*Library tip:
Walden Library recommends starting your search broadly with one concept or search word and adding more elements one at a time. Depending on your topic, the evidence will not necessarily address all the aspects of your PICO(T) question in one article. Select the most important concepts to search and find the best evidence available, even if that means assembling evidence from multiple articles.
- Nursing Research PageLinks to an external site.– databases and resources specifically for Nursing
- Evidence-Based Practice guide: Evidence TypesLinks to an external site.
- Nursing and Health research videosLinks to an external site., including a 15-minute introduction
- Get HelpLinks to an external site.page, including Ask a LibrarianLinks to an external site. service
Quick Answers:
- How do I find an article that reports on research that uses a specific methodology?Links to an external site.
- How do I find original or primary research that analyzes empirical data?Links to an external site.
- What is the Find at Walden button?Links to an external site.
BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 4
Post a brief description of your clinical issue of interest. This clinical issue will remain the same for the entire course and will be the basis for the development of your PICOT question. Describe your search results in terms of the number of articles returned on original research and how this changed as you added search terms using your Boolean operators. Finally, explain strategies you might make to increase the rigor and effectiveness of a database search on your PICO(T) question. Be specific and provide examples.
BY DAY 6 OF WEEK 4
Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days and provide further suggestions on how their database search might be improved.
A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
Evidence-based practice, also known as EBP, can be discovered in many different places, including journals, textbooks, databases, and so on. When conducting research, one must make certain that the information that they are looking for and evaluating comes from a reputable source. If credible resources are utilized, the evidence and study will have a greater potential to be held to a higher level. It is possible to acquire resources on your own or through places of employment or educational institutions. Unfortunately, policymakers continuously signal that dependable resources are required to ensure that patients are receiving the greatest patient care that is available from their healthcare providers; however, resources are not always available without constraints as required (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018).
What is PICO(T)?
The population of interest (P), intervention or issue of interest (I), comparison of interest (C), the outcome expected (O), and time for an intervention to achieve the outcome (T) is PICOT (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018). PICOT questioning is a method of research that is utilized to identify the clinical evidence that is of the highest quality for use in practice. This is accomplished by conducting investigations in a manner that is both objective and productive (Ford & Melnyk, 2019). The researcher has the ability to employ a form of research known as PICOT questioning in order to reduce the outcomes of the evidential investigation to a more manageable level. The use of opioids in patients who are suffering from severe shortness of breath is an area of clinical interest that is both exciting and interesting.
—In patients that are suffering from severe dyspnea during end-of-life (P), can the use of opioids (I) be a beneficial intervention, compared to those not near end-of-life (C), to reduce the feeling of breathlessness (O), within a period of 2 weeks or less (T)?
Research With and Without The Boolean process is a method that is utilized that inserts a variety of phrases (such as OR, AND, etc.) between the primary terms that helps to limit down the search results by processing them in a given order. This method is called the Boolean method (Library of Congress, n.d.). Within the Walden Nursing Library, a search for publications using the key phrases “opioids for dyspnea” resulted in the retrieval of 486 different articles. When searching for “opioids for dyspnea AND end-of-life AND morphine,” only nine articles were retrieved. This was the result of employing the Boolean approach. When the primary search terms were altered to read “opiates for dyspnea AND morphine sulfate,” only one result was discovered. 313 articles were found when searching for “dyspnea OR breathlessness AND opioid use.” There were twenty publications discovered when the search terms “dyspnea OR breathlessness, AND opioid use, AND efficacy” were used. Last but not least, using the search terms “dyspnea OR breathlessness, AND opioid usage, AND end-of-life care,” 62 articles that are linked to this topic were found.ut the Boolean Process
Strategies for an Effective Database Search
When looking at the differences in the numbers that resulted from the searches that were carried out, it is obvious to see that the utilization of various words and the combination of these phrases can provide a variety of different results. When looking for particular publications, it is essential to be certain that the researcher is use the appropriate terminology in their search. When looking for particular articles that are associated with the administration of opioids during end-of-life care, there are quite a number distinct word combinations that can be searched for. Some of these combinations include: The researcher ought to make use of combos that will bring about the most specific materials, for as employing “dyspnea OR breathlessness, AND opioid use,” in conjunction with “AND effectiveness” or “AND end-of-life care.” These two searches appeared to turn up a number of articles that would be useful in compiling information on the topic at hand. The researcher’s inability to obtain sufficient information, in addition to the aggravation that comes from having to read a large number of articles in order to amass a relatively small quantity of new information, can undermine the thoroughness of the investigation. The level of rigor can be maintained so long as the researcher makes it a point to keep in mind the vast number of papers that have been written on each and every subject. The researcher merely needs to keep up the pace and keep seeking until all of the relevant material is located and validated.
References
Gallagher Ford, L., & Melnyk, B. M. (2019). The Underappreciated and Misunderstood PICOT Question: A Critical Step in the EBP Process. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 16(6), 422–423. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12408
Library of Congress. (n.d.). Search/browse help – Boolean operators and nesting. Retrieved December 21, 2021, from https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/ui/en_US/htdocs/help/searchBoolean.html
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
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A Sample Answer 2 For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
In 2013 the World Health Organization (WHO) stated that the healthcare shortage was 7.2 million, with an estimated growth to 12.9 million in 2035. (Aparicio & Nicholson, 2020) Looking into this shortage more closely, the average for a less than 1-year nursing turnover in 2016 was 25.6%, accounting for one-third of the nurse turnover (Woldford et al., 2019). Knowing how these numbers already showed a struggle shortly for the nursing field, which is already struggling with staffing issues in most places, means that the strain that COVID-19 put on the healthcare field has only made this a problem that will need to be addressed sooner than we might have believed. While working in the intensive care unit (ICU), “post-pandemic,” a staffing issue was noted to intensify from a mass exodus of many senior ICU staff during the pandemic. This caused an influx of new staff to be hired; however, the now-available nurse left to teach the new nurses had only been nurses for a year on the unit.
A vast number of the experienced nurses on the unit were travel nurses, and the staff experience nurses had a lot more expected out of them due to their seniority and increased patient acuity. This led to burnout of experienced nurses and many new nurses leaving as soon as their residency contract was over. In addition, it was noted that these new nurses were given six weeks on the floor for orientation after they attended about two months of nurse basics classes. Many of these new nurses had preceptors that were only within their first two years on the unit. This led me to question the orientation they were receiving, and if they felt adequately competent in the care they would be expected to give. When following up with some new graduate nurses, it was sad to see that some practices they were being taught were not evidence-based.
This left new graduates feeling flustered and incapable of providing the care their patients needed. This also leads to them leaving the unit and sometimes the field altogether. The inability to relieve more experienced nurses is also leading to some fantastic nursing now looking for options away from the bedside. It has been stated in several articles that new nurses help with this problem; however, if we cannot keep them, this is just a quick fix. This led me to consider what would help to retain newer graduate nurses in critical care areas and look into other research that had been done in this area.
I began a search with the keyword nurse retention and search limiters of only full text, peer-reviewed, and 2020- 2023. This search resulted in 15394 articles. This led me to the use of the Boolean term AND. Boolean terms are AND: finds all keywords, OR: finds either keyword, and NOT: which excludes a keyword (Walden, n.d.). Therefore, my next search consisted of the first keyword AND new graduate nurses, which ended with 746 results. For the third search, I added AND orientation or onboarding or training resulting in 276 articles. In the final search, I added AND ICU, intensive care, or critical care resulting in 16 articles. I plan on using more databases in the future, along with a year range of five years, to help to give more rigor and effectiveness to the search for my PICOT question.
A Sample Answer 3 For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
Patient Outcomes Effected by Nursing Burnout
Patient outcomes are at the forefront of all healthcare organizations. We want the best for our patients and their families. As healthcare workers, this can be a challenge. With staffing shortages, and constantly changing work requirements, burnout is becoming more and more prominent. Exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic nursing burnout is a challenge we must overcome. Decreased work-related stressors such as workload, and time pressures, and increasing communication, and interpersonal relationships by having a more conducive work environment can minimize burnout in nursing (Afriyie, 2020). This clinical issue must be addressed to prevent further deterioration of staff and patient outcomes (Canadas-DelaFuente et al., 2015). Overall, nursing burnout has negative implications for patient outcomes and healthcare organizations (Peirson, 2021).
Research Strategies
I first had to develop a strategy for researching to find articles that did not include systematic reviews, this week’s resource section provided excellent explanations of the different types of research and where to go to find them. I did find that while searching different databases having fewer words helped with the search results. My original search term Nursing Burnout resulted in 45 articles to choose from, alternatively when using the term Patient Outcomes over 1600 articles populated. This made searching for my specific topic more challenging since there were only a few articles that had both specifications addressed. Some way to overcome these challenges is to speak the research engine’s “language” so to speak. I researched the topic of interest and utilized the word AND in addition to the second word in my topic of interest which narrowed down the amount articles to 40, which resulted in the best articles that addressed the complete topic in its entirety.
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You have a good and interesting topic and question. You mentioned that your research question is: “For patients in acute psychiatric facilities, do therapeutic groups decrease the anxiety level of patients, as opposed to patients going to no groups at all during the day?” There are so many ways to tweak and rearrange the keywords through this question to really pinpoint good articles. Casucci & Wilson (2021), mentions that literature search “helps you to understand the complexity of a clinical issue, gives insight into the scope of a problem, and provides you with the best treatment approaches and the best available evidence on the topic.” I began a search and initially began with just “anxiety and therapy” there were over 60,000 peer-reviewed scholarly and full text articles from the last five years that resulted in which many involved children. I then added “adults” to my keywords listed in the search which then narrowed it down to 3,500 peer-reviewed full text articles from the last five years. Most are then sorted to focus on either young adults or older adults. You also mentioned using Boolean terms such as “or” and “and”. Hollier (2020), states that “AND refines your search and OR broadens it”. Being that your topic also focuses on those that do not attend groups for their anxiety, be careful when using the word “not” when researching for articles because the word “not” is known for removing results (Hollier, 2020). Using “not” is known to eliminate article results that contain the second term, the word that follows the word “not” (Prince George’s Community College, 2022).
References
Boolean operators. Prince George’s Community College. (2022, June 6). https://pgcc.libguides.com/c.php?g=60038&p=385676
Casucci, T., & Wilson, B. (2021, March 14). How to conduct a literature search. How to Conduct a Literature Search. https://accelerate.uofuhealth.utah.edu/improvement/how-to-conduct-a-literature-searchLinks to an external site.
Hollier, C. (2020, December 2). Research basics: Using Boolean Operators to Build a Search. IFIS Food and Health Information. https://www.ifis.org/en/research-skills-blog/research-basics-boolean-operators
A Sample Answer 4 For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases
Thank you for your insightful article on anxiety disorder. In addition to that, Anxiety disorders are a highly prevalent and widespread mental illness worldwide. (ADAA, 2022) Forty million adults 18 and older in the United States suffer from anxiety. Although depression is one of the main causes of inability on a global scale, it may not be a generally prevalent mental health condition. In light of the rising incidence of anxiety disorders and the improper consumption of benzodiazepines, it is worthwhile to investigate unconventional or additional treatments for anxiety disorders. Improper Benzodiazepine prescription may result in severe adverse reactions, injury, hospitalization, and even mortality. If the conceivable dangers associated with benzodiazepines exceed their advantages, it would be beneficial and required to discover a substitute remedy with similar or higher efficiency that is not as addicting.
Boolean logic defines logical relationships between terms in a search. The Boolean search operators are and, or and not (EBSCO, 2022). You combined terms or keywords with Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) and you can also applied filters, including publication year, article type, peer-reviewed only, and complete text only, to limit your search results. Your search has been enhanced by the use of Boolean operators, resulting in additional specific and successful outcomes. Selecting and employing the appropriate methodology for databases is also essential. I also used multiple databases for my research, I discovered the majority of my chosen articles were peer-reviewed on PubMed. Since 1996, PubMed has been recognized as the greatest and most comprehensive reference provided (NLM, 2006).
References:
Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), 2022. Integrative Behavioral Health.
https://adaa.org/find-help/treatment-help/integrative-behavioral-healthLinks to an external site.
EBSCO, 2022. Searching with Boolean Operators.
National Library of Medicine, 2006. PubMed® Celebrates its 10th Anniversary! https://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/so06/so06_pm_10.htmlLinks to an external site.
Grading Rubric Guidelines DQ
| Performance Category | 10 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 0 |
| Scholarliness
Demonstrates achievement of scholarly inquiry for professional and academic decisions. |
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| Performance Category | 10 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 0 |
| Application of Course Knowledge –
Demonstrate the ability to analyze, synthesize, and/or apply principles and concepts learned in the course lesson and outside readings and relate them to real-life professional situations |
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| Performance Category | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Interactive Dialogue
Replies to each graded thread topic posted by the course instructor, by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT, of each week, and posts a minimum of two times in each graded thread, on separate days. (5 points possible per graded thread) |
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Summarizes what was learned from the lesson, readings, and other student posts for the week. |
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| Minus 1 Point | Minus 2 Point | Minus 3 Point | Minus 4 Point | Minus 5 Point | |
| Grammar, Syntax, APA
Note: if there are only a few errors in these criteria, please note this for the student in as an area for improvement. If the student does not make the needed corrections in upcoming weeks, then points should be deducted. Points deducted for improper grammar, syntax and APA style of writing. The source of information is the APA Manual 6th Edition |
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| Total Participation Requirements
per discussion thread |
The student answers the threaded discussion question or topic on one day and posts a second response on another day. | The student does not meet the minimum requirement of two postings on two different days | |||
| Early Participation Requirement
per discussion thread |
The student must provide a substantive answer to the graded discussion question(s) or topic(s), posted by the course instructor (not a response to a peer), by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT of each week. | The student does not meet the requirement of a substantive response to the stated question or topic by Wednesday at 11:59 pm MT. |