Sample Answer for NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden Included After Question
When you decide to purchase a new car, you first decide what is important to you. If mileage and dependability are the important factors, you will search for data focused more on these factors and less on color options and sound systems.
The same holds true when searching for research evidence to guide your clinical inquiry and professional decisions. Developing a formula for an answerable, researchable question that addresses your need will make the search process much more effective. One such formula is the PICO(T) format.
In this Discussion, you will transform a clinical inquiry into a searchable question in PICO(T) format, so you can search the electronic databases more effectively and efficiently. You will share this PICO(T) question and examine strategies you might use to increase the rigor and effectiveness of a database search on your PICO(T) question.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
To Prepare:
- Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.
- Review the materials offering guidance on using databases, performing keyword searches, and developing PICO(T) questions provided in the Resources.
- Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least two different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles.
- Review the Resources for guidance and develop a PICO(T) question of interest to you for further study. It is suggested that an Intervention-type PICOT question be developed as these seem to work best for this course.
*Library tip:
Walden Library recommends starting your search broadly with one concept or search word and adding more elements one at a time. Depending on your topic, the evidence will not necessarily address all the aspects of your PICO(T) question in one article. Select the most important concepts to search and find the best evidence available, even if that means assembling evidence from multiple articles.
- Nursing Research PageLinks to an external site.– databases and resources specifically for Nursing
- Evidence-Based Practice guide: Evidence TypesLinks to an external site.
- Nursing and Health research videosLinks to an external site., including a 15-minute introduction
- Get HelpLinks to an external site.page, including Ask a LibrarianLinks to an external site. service
Quick Answers:
- How do I find an article that reports on research that uses a specific methodology?Links to an external site.
- How do I find original or primary research that analyzes empirical data?Links to an external site.
- What is the Find at Walden button?Links to an external site.
BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 4
Post a brief description of your clinical issue of interest. This clinical issue will remain the same for the entire course and will be the basis for the development of your PICOT question. Describe your search results in terms of the number of articles returned on original research and how this changed as you added search terms using your Boolean operators. Finally, explain strategies you might make to increase the rigor and effectiveness of a database search on your PICO(T) question. Be specific and provide examples.
BY DAY 6 OF WEEK 4
Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days and provide further suggestions on how their database search might be improved.
A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
Evidence-based practice, also known as EBP, can be discovered in many different places, including journals, textbooks, databases, and so on. When conducting research, one must make certain that the information that they are looking for and evaluating comes from a reputable source. If credible resources are utilized, the evidence and study will have a greater potential to be held to a higher level. It is possible to acquire resources on your own or through places of employment or educational institutions. Unfortunately, policymakers continuously signal that dependable resources are required to ensure that patients are receiving the greatest patient care that is available from their healthcare providers; however, resources are not always available without constraints as required (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018).
What is PICO(T)?
The population of interest (P), intervention or issue of interest (I), comparison of interest (C), the outcome expected (O), and time for an intervention to achieve the outcome (T) is PICOT (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018). PICOT questioning is a method of research that is utilized to identify the clinical evidence that is of the highest quality for use in practice. This is accomplished by conducting investigations in a manner that is both objective and productive (Ford & Melnyk, 2019). The researcher has the ability to employ a form of research known as PICOT questioning in order to reduce the outcomes of the evidential investigation to a more manageable level. The use of opioids in patients who are suffering from severe shortness of breath is an area of clinical interest that is both exciting and interesting.
—In patients that are suffering from severe dyspnea during end-of-life (P), can the use of opioids (I) be a beneficial intervention, compared to those not near end-of-life (C), to reduce the feeling of breathlessness (O), within a period of 2 weeks or less (T)?
Research With and Without The Boolean process is a method that is utilized that inserts a variety of phrases (such as OR, AND, etc.) between the primary terms that helps to limit down the search results by processing them in a given order. This method is called the Boolean method (Library of Congress, n.d.). Within the Walden Nursing Library, a search for publications using the key phrases “opioids for dyspnea” resulted in the retrieval of 486 different articles. When searching for “opioids for dyspnea AND end-of-life AND morphine,” only nine articles were retrieved. This was the result of employing the Boolean approach. When the primary search terms were altered to read “opiates for dyspnea AND morphine sulfate,” only one result was discovered. 313 articles were found when searching for “dyspnea OR breathlessness AND opioid use.” There were twenty publications discovered when the search terms “dyspnea OR breathlessness, AND opioid use, AND efficacy” were used. Last but not least, using the search terms “dyspnea OR breathlessness, AND opioid usage, AND end-of-life care,” 62 articles that are linked to this topic were found.ut the Boolean Process
Strategies for an Effective Database Search
When looking at the differences in the numbers that resulted from the searches that were carried out, it is obvious to see that the utilization of various words and the combination of these phrases can provide a variety of different results. When looking for particular publications, it is essential to be certain that the researcher is use the appropriate terminology in their search. When looking for particular articles that are associated with the administration of opioids during end-of-life care, there are quite a number distinct word combinations that can be searched for. Some of these combinations include: The researcher ought to make use of combos that will bring about the most specific materials, for as employing “dyspnea OR breathlessness, AND opioid use,” in conjunction with “AND effectiveness” or “AND end-of-life care.” These two searches appeared to turn up a number of articles that would be useful in compiling information on the topic at hand. The researcher’s inability to obtain sufficient information, in addition to the aggravation that comes from having to read a large number of articles in order to amass a relatively small quantity of new information, can undermine the thoroughness of the investigation. The level of rigor can be maintained so long as the researcher makes it a point to keep in mind the vast number of papers that have been written on each and every subject. The researcher merely needs to keep up the pace and keep seeking until all of the relevant material is located and validated.
References
Gallagher Ford, L., & Melnyk, B. M. (2019). The Underappreciated and Misunderstood PICOT Question: A Critical Step in the EBP Process. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 16(6), 422–423. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12408
Library of Congress. (n.d.). Search/browse help – Boolean operators and nesting. Retrieved December 21, 2021, from https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/ui/en_US/htdocs/help/searchBoolean.html
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
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A Sample Answer 2 For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
Thank you for your insightful article on anxiety disorder. In addition to that, Anxiety disorders are a highly prevalent and widespread mental illness worldwide. (ADAA, 2022) Forty million adults 18 and older in the United States suffer from anxiety. Although depression is one of the main causes of inability on a global scale, it may not be a generally prevalent mental health condition. In light of the rising incidence of anxiety disorders and the improper consumption of benzodiazepines, it is worthwhile to investigate unconventional or additional treatments for anxiety disorders. Improper Benzodiazepine prescription may result in severe adverse reactions, injury, hospitalization, and even mortality. If the conceivable dangers associated with benzodiazepines exceed their advantages, it would be beneficial and required to discover a substitute remedy with similar or higher efficiency that is not as addicting.
Boolean logic defines logical relationships between terms in a search. The Boolean search operators are and, or and not (EBSCO, 2022). You combined terms or keywords with Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) and you can also applied filters, including publication year, article type, peer-reviewed only, and complete text only, to limit your search results. Your search has been enhanced by the use of Boolean operators, resulting in additional specific and successful outcomes. Selecting and employing the appropriate methodology for databases is also essential. I also used multiple databases for my research, I discovered the majority of my chosen articles were peer-reviewed on PubMed. Since 1996, PubMed has been recognized as the greatest and most comprehensive reference provided (NLM, 2006).
References:
Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), 2022. Integrative Behavioral Health.
https://adaa.org/find-help/treatment-help/integrative-behavioral-healthLinks to an external site.
EBSCO, 2022. Searching with Boolean Operators.
National Library of Medicine, 2006. PubMed® Celebrates its 10th Anniversary! https://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/so06/so06_pm_10.htmlLinks to an external site.
A Sample Answer 3 For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
For this discussion, my clinical issue of interest is the medical underlying causes for mental health unaddressed. There are external and medical causes for mental health disorders in children and adults, but many times, these underlying causes are not treated as priority or even completely ignored. Rather than confining mental health to be purely psychosis, it will be beneficial to delve into the possibility that health-related issues, social and economic situations, and emotional well-being are significant contributors to mental illness.
Research work has inadvertently exposed how some mental health symptoms are dismissed in younger individuals, and never diagnosed or identified too late, which only further creates a sense of alienation for children suffering from mental illnesses. An underlying or untreated medical condition is a contributor to typical signs of mental instability. For example, chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and lack of vitamin D can result in mental health disorders like mood swing, anxiety, depression, and unexplained weight changes. Oftentimes, the build-up of multiple chronic diseases significantly decreases the quality of life for an individual leading to mental health issues. For this work, a literature search was conducted using EBSCOhost databases. Two peer-reviewed articles were selected using two different databases in the Walden Library. Respectively, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature Database, and Eric Database.
To search, I identify the keywords to the related article and use this as the prompt. “Mental health”. This initial search generated 28,397 results. I Combined keywords to narrow or broaden search results “Underlying mental health causes”. Three results generated. Using Boolean operator AND, “Mental health and Underlying causes” Nine results generated.
With this, I would say that the strategies to use for better and effective database search for my PICO(T) question will be using more than one database to view variety of articles and select what is relevant like peer-reviewed, full article and date range (within 5 years recommended)
It also works best to breakdown the content. Pick a topic from the most related subject, like nursing. When we type everything into the database, we get nothing. It is always better to type in the main idea and concept. Select full article, peer-reviewed, relevant date, and search.
Boolean terms AND, OR, NOT connects the keywords to create a more precised logical phrase that the database can understand and use to look for multiple terms or concepts at once. AND finds items that uses both keywords, OR find items that use either of the keywords and NOT excludes items that use the keywords. I have lots of resources to work with, and a PICOT question in progress. Changes may occur as needed.
PICOT- Problem– Mental health causes unaddressed, Intervention–Treating the underlying causes, Comparison-Findings will emphasize the correlation between mental health and other underlying issues, Outcome-Positive improvement with treatment, Time frame-Within 72 hours of treatment, re-evaluation will be done.
In the United States’ long-term care facilities, millions of infections occur each year among the geriatric population. The overall infection rate ranges from 1.8 to 17 infections per 90 days of inpatient care (De et al., 2021). Unhygienic activities such as inadequate handwashing on the part of health care employees in inpatient settings are one of the major sources of microorganisms’ transmission that causes healthcare-related infections. Disease pathogens are easily transmitted through the hand, and proper hand hygiene has been known to reduce the spread of infectious microbes (D’Souza et al., 2022). Hand hygiene remains the single most important means of preventing the spread of disease-causing organisms. In the current era, either the use of hand sanitizers or hand washing using soap and water is encouraged (Spruce,2021). However, the effect of either procedures have not been fully documented.
PICOT Question
Is handwashing with soap and water more effective than (C) hand sanitizer use as a whole (I) among senior patients admitted to healthcare facilities (P) in preventing Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) occurrences (O) within the first three months of admission (T)?
Search terms
In this case, the search terms mainly used include:
Hand sanitizers, hand hygiene, elderly inpatients, geriatric care, and hospital acquired infections.
The databases that were used in this research include EBSCO, ProQuest Central, PubMed and Medline. The databases made it easier to find both systematic reviews and original research publications. I made sure the search was restricted to articles produced during the previous five years and that the articles were scheduled for publication between 2018 and 2022. The improved relevance of the articles to the PICOT question and the study topic also helped direct the search process. This indicates that all of the articles were focused on using hand sanitizers, practicing good hand hygiene, and preventing elderly patients from contracting diseases in hospitals. The texts that were utilised came from original studies. The search process included disqualified papers based on their management of hospital acquired infections by caregivers. This required turning a clinical enquiry into a question that could be searched.
Boolean operations improved the efficiency of my search. The tactic increased the number of articles pertinent to the research topic while also eliminating irrelevant results. Because the results were correct and suited the objectives of the research topic, the usage of Boolean operators also resulted in time savings.
The employment of Boolean operators, which further expedites and restricts the search results to the most reliable and pertinent to the topic of research, is a way to improve the effectiveness and rigor of a database search. Multiple terms are combined while searching using phrases, expanding the search surface area and frequently meeting the researcher’s evolving needs. Utilizing the related articles function generally is crucial for finding relevant study articles. The practice of narrowing the search to a specific year range, on the other hand, aids in returning current searches while also scanning multiple databases further improves variety of search results.
A Sample Answer 4 For the Assignment: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
Title: NURS 6052 Discussion Searching Databases Walden
I appreciate your detailed explanation of your clinical issue of interest, which focuses on the prevention/early detection of sepsis in elderly patients through the identification of the biomarker called presepsin. It is indeed crucial to assess presepsin early in patient care to determine the appropriate treatment course, as sepsis is a global health issue associated with high mortality rates and financial burden (Velissaris et al., 2021).
As you mentioned, nurses play a significant role in the treatment of sepsis due to their direct care at the patient’s bedside. Their consistent monitoring of vital signs, blood levels, and pharmacological therapy, combined with their intuition and assessment of blood levels such as presepsin, can help determine the risk for sepsis and guide necessary treatment (Velissaris et al., 2021).
In terms of conducting your literature search, it’s great that you utilized various databases available through the Walden library, including CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, and ProQuest. These databases offer a wealth of information and can be valuable resources for finding relevant articles on research topics. Additionally, the Walden library’s provision of full articles on selected research topics is a valuable asset for Walden students (Walden University Library, n.d.-a).
Although your initial search using the keywords “sepsis AND presepsin AND elderly patients” did not yield any results, you made a smart adjustment by using Boolean operators and changing “AND” to “OR.” This modification led to over 90 articles of interest, which is a significant improvement. It’s also a good idea to include other key terms in your future searches, such as mortality, hospital discharge, nursing treatment, and fluid resuscitation, to further refine your results and explore additional aspects of the topic.
To enhance the rigor of your future research, I recommend using the relevant articles you have found as a foundation for identifying other research that may be similar, possibly from the same authors or agencies. This approach can help build a comprehensive understanding of the topic and provide a broader perspective on nursing implications (Ruangsomboon et al., 2020).
Overall, your chosen topic is researchable and has the potential to contribute to nursing knowledge. It addresses a gap in clinical implementation, making it a valuable area for future investigation. Keep up the great work and continue to explore this important issue!
References
Ruangsomboon, O., Panjaikaew, P., Monsomboon, A., Chakorn, T., Permpikul, C., & Limsuwat, C. (2020). Diagnostic and prognostic utility of presepsin for sepsis in very elderly patients in the emergency department. Clinica Chimica Acta, 510, 723-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.09.014Links to an external site.
Velissaris, D., Zareifopoulos, N., Karamouzos, V., Karanikolas, E., Pierrakos, C., Koniari, I., & Karanikolas, M. (2021). Presepsin as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in sepsis. Cures, 13(5), e15019. https://doi.org/10.7759/cures.15019Links to an external site.
Walden University Library. (n.d.-a). Databases A-Z: Nursing. Retrieved September 6, 2019, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/az.php?s=19981Links to an external site.
Grading Rubric Guidelines DQ
| Performance Category | 10 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 0 |
| Scholarliness
Demonstrates achievement of scholarly inquiry for professional and academic decisions. |
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| Performance Category | 10 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 0 |
| Application of Course Knowledge –
Demonstrate the ability to analyze, synthesize, and/or apply principles and concepts learned in the course lesson and outside readings and relate them to real-life professional situations |
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| Performance Category | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Interactive Dialogue
Replies to each graded thread topic posted by the course instructor, by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT, of each week, and posts a minimum of two times in each graded thread, on separate days. (5 points possible per graded thread) |
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Summarizes what was learned from the lesson, readings, and other student posts for the week. |
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| Minus 1 Point | Minus 2 Point | Minus 3 Point | Minus 4 Point | Minus 5 Point | |
| Grammar, Syntax, APA
Note: if there are only a few errors in these criteria, please note this for the student in as an area for improvement. If the student does not make the needed corrections in upcoming weeks, then points should be deducted. Points deducted for improper grammar, syntax and APA style of writing. The source of information is the APA Manual 6th Edition |
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| 0 points lost | -5 points lost | ||||
| Total Participation Requirements
per discussion thread |
The student answers the threaded discussion question or topic on one day and posts a second response on another day. | The student does not meet the minimum requirement of two postings on two different days | |||
| Early Participation Requirement
per discussion thread |
The student must provide a substantive answer to the graded discussion question(s) or topic(s), posted by the course instructor (not a response to a peer), by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. MT of each week. | The student does not meet the requirement of a substantive response to the stated question or topic by Wednesday at 11:59 pm MT. |