NSG 5002 Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice Discussion

Sample Answer for NSG 5002 Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice Discussion Included After Question

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Guidelines: Support your responses with scholarly academic references using APA style format. In your participation responses to your peers, comments must demonstrate thorough analysis of postings and extends meaningful discussion by building on previous postings.

question #1

Victoria Duru posted

Theory of Nursing Practical Application

A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NSG 5002 Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice Discussion

Title: NSG 5002 Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice Discussion

The Comfort Theory

Remarkably, one of the most perceptible theories that find practical application in Pediatric care is the systems theory. For a long time now, medical practitioners in the pediatric field have applied the systems theory to provide exceptional care to patients. Principally, the theory emphasizes on the sociocultural, physical, and environmental aspects of comfort that affect patient outcomes in care facilities. A careful application of the systems theory provides satisfaction to pediatric patients and medical practitioners who are fascinated by the culture of comfort. Admittedly, the concept of comfort was very vital in the early nursing period, since contemporary medical strategies had not yet been developed (Peterson & Bredow, 2019). The history of the comfort theory dates back to 1990 when it was developed by Katharine Kolcaba. Pragmatically, Katharine conducted a conceptual analysis of comfort in relation to nursing.

Her analysis covered multifarious discipline that comprised of nursing, psychiatry, and medicine. According to Kolcaba, comfort in nursing exists in three forms, which include ease, relief, and transcendence. To support her theory, Kolcaba based her argument on the evidence that pain medications alleviated patient pain. Practically, a postoperative patient receives instant or gradual relief when pain medicine is administered. As such, the patient receives comfort in the sense of relief. If a patient is in a comfortable state of satisfaction, they experience comfort in the sense of ease. On the underscore, Kolcaba described the form of transcendence as the condition of comfort in which patients overcome their particular challenges. The theorist posited that comfort is an immediate desirable outcome of nursing care (Peterson & Bredow, 2019). Ideally, the motivation behind the nursing theory of comfort was the intention to define comfort and elucidate its theoretical significance in nursing practice. Kolcaba noted that patients respond differently to complex stimuli and that comfort is a desirable holistic state that most patients seek. Undeniably, the application of her theory places comfort at the forefront of pediatric care.

NSG 5002 Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice Discussion

Nursing Philosophies of Benner and Henderson

Benner’s philosophy is well depicted in her theory, conventionally known as “From Novice Expert.” The main idea postulated in the theory is an explanation of how nurses acquire nursing knowledge. Remarkably, the primary concept of the nursing theory is the depiction of how nurses gradually advance from novice medical practitioners to expert specialists through education and work experience. According to the theorist, nurses develop better skills and a proper understanding of patient care over time (Thomas & Kellgren, 2017). Arguably, the novice to expert transition features five levels. These comprise of the novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. Each level is unique and gradually builds on the previous steps. Eventually, a nurse becomes an expert through gaining new knowledge and clinical experience.

Henderson’s theory is commonly known as the nursing need theory. Notably, the main idea of this theory was to portray the relevance of patient independence. The theorist posited that there is a need for patients to take charge of their health care. Patient independence helps patients to progress well, even after being discharged from the hospital and minimizes setbacks during the period of recovery (Gligor & Domnariu, 2020). Moreover, patients who play an active role in managing their healthcare have are more likely to adhere to treatment plans and thus experience better outcomes.

Admittedly, the concepts featured in Benner’s and Henderson’s theories are congruous. Just like Benner, Henderson utilizes paradigm concepts of the patient, their healthcare needs, and the environment. Similarly, the components featured demonstrate a holistic approach since they include physiological, physical, and psychological aspects of the patient.

The above concepts affect each other since the outcomes of Benner’s theory form prerequisite conditions for the success of Henderson’s philosophy. For instance, patients need to get professional care from nurses in order to attain improved health conditions, which will facilitate patient independence (Thomas & Kellgren, 2017). On the underscore, the environment influences patient recovery and also determines how patients will take care of themselves upon discharge. Nurses must focus on both concepts to provide quality care to patients.

A perfect example of where these two philosophies find practical utility is through the roles of family nurse practitioners. Admittedly, family nurse practitioners need to be highly experienced and knowledgeable in order to be successful in their field. The primary role of family nurse practitioners is to offer quality care to their patients, and they achieve this by meeting the components of Henderson’s theory. Therefore, they portray expertise while ensuring that patients get the quality care that will guarantee them independence once they are discharged.

References

Gligor, L., & Domnariu, C. D. (2020). Patient Care Approach Using Nursing Theories-Comparative Analysis of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Henderson’s Model. Acta Medica Transilvanica, 25(2), 11-14

Peterson, S., & Bredow, T. S. (2019). Middle range theories: Application to nursing research and practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Thomas, C. M., & Kellgren, M. (2017). Benner’s novice to expert model: An application for simulation facilitators. Nursing science quarterly, 30(3), 227-234

Question#2

Melissa Fuentes posted

*Choose a theory that finds practical application in critical care/pediatric/psychiatric nursing and discuss the origins of the theory based on the following criteria:

Florence Nightingale first recognized the requirement of comfort by stating, “It must never be lost sight of what observation is for; it is not for the sake of piling up miscellaneous information or curious facts, but for the sake of saving life and increasing health and comfort” (Peterson & Bredow, 2017, p. 197). A theory I find to have practical application in such nursing arenas is that of Katharine Kolcaba. “The theory of comfort, as applied in a ComfortPlace™, explicates a philosophy of care whereby holistic comfort needs of patients, families, and nurses are identified and addressed” (Peterson & Bredow, 2017, p. 196). I believe the theory of comfort to surround all scopes of healthcare especially patients under critical or psychiatric care and pediatrics as well. These patients require such a specialty of care that the implementation of comfort measures specific for their needs would be a tremendous aid in their recovery.

*How did the happenings of the nursing profession impact the origin of this theory? What values, evidence, or existing knowledge did the theorist cite to support the theory? What was the theorist’s motivation behind writing the theory?

Kolcaba supported her theory with the ideal that the implementation of skilled actions made by the health care team could intentionally be designed to enhance patients’ or families’ comfort (Peterson & Bredow, 2017, p. 196). Nursing ‘s original perspectives on the physical and environmental focus of caring for the patient has been broadened as it includes more psychosocial and holistic care as a whole. Focusing on all of the patient’s needs instead of concentrating on certain aspects will permit the improvement of patient outcomes. “The immediate experience of being strengthened by having needs for relief, ease, and transcendence met in four contexts (physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental); much more than the absence of pain or other physical discomforts” (Peterson & Bredow, 2017, p. 196).

*Compare the nursing philosophy of Benner and Henderson on the basis of the following criteria: Main ideas of the theory, Main concepts, Relationships between concepts, How different concepts affect each other.

Benner’s theory of the concept involving nursing novice to expert “explains that nurses develop skills and an understanding of patient care over time from a combination of a strong educational foundation and personal experiences” (Nursing Theory, 2020). The main concept involves the awareness and education that is gained when nurses with no experience evolve into experts in their practice. This is true for all nurses as they enter the medical field with little to no experience as only time and personal growth in the field will allow the knowledge that it brings. I believe the comfort in which the nurse feels and the support they are provided by the expert nurses they work alongside will determine the amount of time it will take for them to reach levels of mastery.

In the nursing need theory Henderson states, “I say that the nurse does for others what they would do for themselves if they had the strength, the will, and the knowledge; but I go on to say that the nurse makes the patient independent of him or her as soon as possible” (Nursing Theory, 2020). The important concept is the preparation of the patient. As we leave our patient’s bedsides and they journey on their own, have we educated them enough on how to properly care for themselves? Comparing this concept to Benner’s theory, I believe the relationship involves the proper preparation of the nurse providing the patient with an accurate education in order for both to be successful. The more expertise nurse would be able to effectively perform such assessments to understand the patient’s needs and even be able to add further information the patient may need. The experience of caring for patients with high readmission rates will allow more proficiency in preventing such trends.

*Cite an example or case study from your field where both these philosophies find practical utility.

A study of excessive readmissions and how to reduce such related costs have been found to involve use of effective communication. “Poor communication from hospital team members to post-acute care providers is a common reason for hospital readmissions; improving communication among stakeholders increases the quality of the care that hospital team members provide to patients” (Warchol, Monestime, Mayer & Chien, 2019). The effectiveness of such communications can be affected by those conveying the information. Considering Benner’s theory and the experience involved when making such interactions may differ from that of a novice provider compared to a more expert level. “Effective communication is instrumental in helping patients understand their diagnoses and the importance of taking their medications and properly caring for themselves” (Warchol et al., 2019). Any nurse can educate a patient; but it is the responsibility of the nurse to assess whether the patient fully understands and supplying the patient with proper resources in order to aid success. This is preparing the patient for success as Henderson would appreciate. Kolcaba would agree that gaining the comfort and trust between patient and provider would allow the open discussion of any fears the patient may have that can hinder their success.

Melissa

Reference

Nursing Theory. (2020). Patricia Benner’s Contribution to Nursing Theory: From Novice to Expert Concept. Retrieved from https://nursing-theory.org/nursing-theorists/Patricia-Benner.php

Nursing Theory. (2020). Henderson’s Nursing Need Theory. Retrieved from https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/henderson-need-theory.php

Peterson, S. J., & Bredow, T. S. (2017). Middle Ranges Theories: Application to Nursing Research.VitalSource Bookshelf Online. Retrieved from https://digitalbookshelf.southuniversity.edu/

Warchol, S., Monestime, J., Mayer, R., & Chien, W. (2019). Strategies to Reduce Hospital Readmission Rates in a Non-Medicaid-Expansion State. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6669363/

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