NRS 429V Week 2 Assignment Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations

Sample Answer for NRS 429V Week 2 Assignment Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations Included After Question

Details:

Analyze the health status of a specific minority group. Select a minority group that is represented in the United States (examples include: American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian American, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander.)

In an essay of 750-1,000 words, compare and contrast the health status of the minority group you have selected to the national average. Consider the cultural, socioeconomic, and sociopolitical barriers to health. How do race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and education influence health for the minority group you have selected? Address the following in your essay:

What is the current health status of this minority group?
How is health promotion defined by the group?
What health disparities exist for this group?

Describe at least one approach using the three levels of health promotion prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) that is likely to be the most effective given the unique needs of the minority group you have selected. Provide an explanation of why it might be the most effective choice. Cite a minimum of three references in the paper.

You will find important health information regarding minority groups by exploring the following Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) links:

Minority Health: http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealt/index.html
Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations: http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealt/populations/remp.html

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

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A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NRS 429V Week 2 Assignment Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations

Title: NRS 429V Week 2 Assignment Health Promotion Among Diverse Populations

America comprises diverse ethnic minority groups. African Americans are part of the ethnic minority groups in the USA. Therefore, this paper examines the barriers to health experienced by African Americans, health promotion activities, and cultural aspects that should be considered in the care process.

The Selected Ethnic Minority Group

The selected ethnic minority group in the USA is African Americans. African Americans are the second-largest ethnic minority group after the Hispanic/Latino population. The states with the largest population of African Americans include Georgia, Texas, Florida, North Carolina, New York, Illinois, Maryland, Louisiana, and Virginia. The current health status of African Americans shows them having a low level of health insurance coverage. For example, 55.9% of the African Americans had medical insurance coverage compared to 74.7% of the non-Hispanic whites. In addition, the life expectancy of African Americans is 77.0 years compared to 80.6 years for non-Hispanic whites. The mortality rate among African Americans is also higher than that of whites. The rate of non-communicable diseases such as asthma, cancer, stroke, and diabetes is higher in African Americans than whites (OMH, 2021). Race influences the health status of African Americans. Race affects their socioeconomic determinants of health, such as access to healthcare services, level of education, employment opportunities, and profiling in most states (Shepherd et al., 2018).

Health Disparities

Significant health disparities exist in African Americans compared to other ethnicities in the USA. First, African Americans are increasingly predisposed to health problems such as heart disease, hypertension, depression, obesity, and stroke. For example, a study by Fei, (2017) demonstrated that the prevalence of hypertension in New York City was highest in non-Hispanic blacks (43.5%) compared to 38.0% in Asians, 33.0% in Hispanics, and 27.5% for the non-Hispanic whites. African Americans are also 30% higher at risk of dying from heart disease when compared to non-Hispanic whites (HHS.Gov, 2021). African Americans also experience severe mental illnesses such as depression, with more debilitating outcomes than other ethnic groups in the USA (Williams, 2018). The other aspect of health disparity evident in African Americans is access to care. Unlike non-Hispanic whites, African Americans are highly likely to experience challenges in accessing high-quality care due to influences such as poverty, unemployment, and unaffordability of specialized care among this group. The disparities in access to healthcare also arise from the low level of health insurance coverage among African Americans compared to non-Hispanic whites (National Academies of Sciences et al., 2017). The mortality rate due to conditions such as stroke, influence, homicide, cancer, stroke, HIV/AIDS, and asthma is also higher in African Americans than non-Hispanic whites (OMH, 2021). African Americans experience nutritional challenges that include the highest rate of overweight and obesity. Sedentary lifestyles, inadequate physical activity, and unhealthy diets predispose African Americans to overweight and obesity. As a result, the rates of other health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and heart disease are higher in African Americans compared to non-Hispanic whites (Assari, 2018).

Barriers to Health

African Americans also experience barriers to health due to culture, education, socioeconomics, and sociopolitical factors. Culture influences the uptake of health promotion services such as screening by African Americans. Their cultural beliefs towards the significance of screening services for diseases such as prostate and breast cancer have led to them experiencing worse outcomes in the treatment process. Accordingly, African Americans have low uptake of cancer screening services due to their cultural beliefs about screening. Education also contributes to barriers to health that African Americans experience. The educational attainment of African Americans is lower than that of non-Hispanic whites. For example, 87.2% of African Americans aged 25 years and above had at least a high school diploma compared to 93.3% of the American whites. The attainment of university education and higher is lower in African Americans (22.6%) when compared to non-Hispanic whites (36.9%). Low education attainment among African Americans acts as a barrier to health. It affects their access to employment opportunities, affordability of high-quality care, and living in healthy neighborhoods with a minimal predisposition to environmental hazards (OMH, 2021).

Socioeconomic factors also act as a source of barriers to health among African Americans. For instance, the level of unemployment is high among African Americans compared to non-Hispanic whites. The average household income in African American homes is also low ($43771) compared to non-Hispanic whites’ homes ($71664). The socioeconomic differences imply that African Americans experience hardships in paying for the care they need, hence, the disparity (OMH, 2021). Sociopolitical factors have minimal effect on access to care by African Americans. Accordingly, the political environment has created equal opportunities for optimum health and prosperity for all in the USA.

Health Promotion Activities

Health problems affect African Americans disproportionately. As a result, government, non-governmental, faith-based, and other agencies have increased the need for lifestyle and behavioral modifications by African Americans to minimize their risk of adverse health outcomes. The interventions have increased awareness among African Americans about the importance of health promotion activities. The level of involvement in activities such as utilizing screening services and maintaining active physical activity to promote health has increased significantly among African Americans (Palmer et al., 2021). African Americans also understand and embrace healthy diets to minimize their predisposition to health problems such as obesity and overweight. There is also the utilization of social media and digital technologies to enhance healthy lifestyles and behaviors among this group (Holt et al., 2017).

Health Promotion

The primary prevention approach for health promotion that is appropriate to meet the health needs of African Americans is health education. Health education can raise awareness among African Americans on how to meet their health needs. Health education will also stimulate them to explore the resources in their communities that can address barriers to healthcare. Health education will also empower them to take responsibility for their health. They will be motivated to transform their lifestyle and behaviors to minimize their risk of health problems such as obesity and overweight. Lastly, health education will enhance their health promotion interventions such as screening for non-communicable diseases such as cancer and hypertension.

Cultural Beliefs and Practices

African Americans have unique cultural beliefs and practices that should be incorporated into care plans. They include the vital role of religion in the healing process. As a result, the development of care plans should incorporate the recognition of religion in the treatment process. African Americans also have traditional remedies for treating illnesses. Nurses should educate them about the importance of avoiding traditional medications when being treated with conventional healthcare interventions. Nurses should ensure that effective home remedies are kept by the bedside for patient use (Holt et al., 2017). Leininger’s theory would be best to support culturally competent health promotion for African Americans. The theory strengthens the provision of culturally competent care in nursing. It also enhances the need to provide patient-centered, holistic care that addresses the unique needs of African Americans (McFarland & Wehbe-Alamah, 2019).

Conclusion

African Americans comprise an ethnic minority group in the USA. African Americans experience barriers to health due to cultural, socioeconomic, and level of education. African Americans engage in a wide range of health promotion activities to enhance their health outcomes. Nurses should focus on providing culturally appropriate care to address the unique health needs of African Americans. Theories of culture such as Leininger’s theory can be applied to address these needs.

References

Assari, S. (2018). Perceived Discrimination and Binge Eating Disorder; Gender Difference in African Americans. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 7(5), 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7050089

Fei, K. (2017). Racial and Ethnic Subgroup Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence, New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2014. Preventing Chronic Disease, 14. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd14.160478

HHS.Gov. (2021). Heart Disease and African Americans—The Office of Minority Health. https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=4&lvlid=19

Holt, C. L., Graham-Phillips, A. L., Mullins, C. D., Slade, J. L., Savoy, A., & Carter, R. (2017). Health ministry and activities in African American faith-based organizations: A qualitative examination of facilitators, barriers, and use of technology. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 28(1), 378–388. https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2017.0029

McFarland, M. R., & Wehbe-Alamah, H. B. (2019). Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality: An Overview With a Historical Retrospective and a View Toward the Future. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 30(6), 540–557. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659619867134

National Academies of Sciences, E., Division, H. and M., Practice, B. on P. H. and P. H., States, C. on C.-B. S. to P. H. E. in the U., Baciu, A., Negussie, Y., Geller, A., & Weinstein, J. N. (2017). The State of Health Disparities in the United States. In Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity. National Academies Press (US). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/

OMH. (2021). Black/African American—The Office of Minority Health. https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=3&lvlid=61

Palmer, K. N. B., Rivers, P. S., Melton, F. L., McClelland, D. J., Hatcher, J., Marrero, D. G., Thomson, C. A., & Garcia, D. O. (2021). Health promotion interventions for African Americans delivered in U.S. barbershops and hair salons- a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1553. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11584-0

Shepherd, S. M., Willis-Esqueda, C., Paradies, Y., Sivasubramaniam, D., Sherwood, J., & Brockie, T. (2018). Racial and cultural minority experiences and perceptions of health care provision in a mid-western region. International Journal for Equity in Health, 17(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0744-x

Williams, D. R. (2018). Stress and the Mental Health of Populations of Color:Advancing Our Understanding of Race-related Stressors. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 59(4), 466–485. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146518814251

Grading Rubrics

Critical ElementsDistinguished

(100%)

Proficient

(85%)

Basic

(70%)

Below Expectations

(50%)

Non-Performance

(0%)

Thesis StatementRaises the strongest objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is strongly grounded in research and logical reasoning.Raises a plausible objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is mostly grounded in research and logical reasoning.

Raises an objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is somewhat grounded in research and logical reasoning.Attempts to raise an objection to the thesis presented in the assignment. The objection is minimally grounded in research and logical reasoning.

The objection to the thesis is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.
Counter ArgumentProvides a strong, thorough rebuttal to the objection. The rebuttal effectively demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and applies the principles of charity and accuracy.

Provides a rebuttal to the objection. The rebuttal mostly demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and mostly applies the principles of charity and accuracy.

Provides a limited rebuttal to the objection. The rebuttal somewhat demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and somewhat applies the principles of charity and accuracy.

Attempts to provide a rebuttal to the objection; however, the rebuttal minimally demonstrates that the thesis can withstand the objection and does not apply the principles of charity and accuracy.

The rebuttal is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.
Conclusion– Provides clear and concise closing remarks that comprehensively summarize the essay. The remarks consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problem.

Provides closing remarks that summarize the essay. The remarks mostly consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problem. The closing remarks are somewhat unclear.

Provides closing remarks that minimally summarizes the essay. The remarks minimally consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problems. The closing remarks are unclear and/or vague.

Attempts to provide closing remarks that summarize the essay, however, the remarks do not consider the broader controversy and/or further research that could offer additional insight into the moral solution of the business problem. The closing remarks are unclear and vague.The closing remarks are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.

Written Communication: Context of and Purpose for Writing

Demonstrates methodical application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is evident and easy to understand. Summaries, quotes, and/or paraphrases fit naturally into the sentences and paragraphs. Paper flows smoothly.

Demonstrates sufficient application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is, for the most part, clear and easy to understand. There are some problems with the blending of summaries, paraphrases, and quotes. Paper flows somewhat smoothly.Demonstrates a limited understanding of organization and presentation of content in written work. The purpose of the writing is somewhat evident but may not be integrated throughout the assignment. There are many problems with the blending of summaries, paraphrases, and quotes. Paper does not flow smoothly in all sections.

Organization and presentation of content are extremely limited. The purpose of the writing is unclear. There is little or no blending of summaries, paraphrases, and quotes. Paper does not flow smoothly when read.