NRS 429 Assignment: Health Promotion in Minority Populations
Sample Answer for NRS 429 Assignment: Health Promotion in Minority Populations Included After Question
Paper Details:
Select an ethnic minority group that is represented in the United States (American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian American, Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander). Using health information available from Healthy People, the CDC, and other relevant government websites, analyze the health status for this group.
In a paper of 1,000-1,250 words, compare and contrast the health status of your selected minority group to the national average. Include the following:
- Describe the ethnic minority group selected. Describe the current health status of this group. How do race and ethnicity influence health for this group?
- What are the health disparities that exist for this group? What are the nutritional challenges for this group?
- Discuss the barriers to health for this group resulting from culture, socioeconomics, education, and sociopolitical factors.
- What health promotion activities are often practiced by this group?
- Describe at least one approach using the three levels of health promotion prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) that is likely to be the most effective in a care plan given the unique needs of the minority group you have selected. Provide an explanation of why it might be the most effective choice.
- What cultural beliefs or practices must be considered when creating a care plan? What cultural theory or model would be best to support culturally competent health promotion for this population? Why?
Cite at least three peer-reviewed or scholarly sources to complete this assignment. Sources should be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and public health content.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
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A Sample Answer For the Assignment: NRS 429 Assignment: Health Promotion in Minority Populations
Title: NRS 429 Assignment: Health Promotion in Minority Populations
Health Disparities and Nutritional Challenges for Native Hawaiians
The healthcare challenges faced by this minority group are associated with poor living conditions, nutritional standards, hygiene and lack of awareness. Majority of this group depend on the state and federal aid to access healthcare services, only 65.8 percent of this group used private insurance cover as of 2019 compared to the 74 percent for the whites. The life expectancy for this group is lower compared to the national average. The native Hawaiian life expectancy for women is at 83.2 years while for men is at 78.5 years which gives an average of 80.8 years. The population also records a higher population of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and obesity. In terms of access to cancer screening, the population has limited access making the process of cancer screening and prevention difficult. The population has also recorded higher cases of heart diseases, injuries resulting from accidents, diabetes and stroke. In addition to these health risks, the population records higher prevalence to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and hepatitis B.
The nutritional pattern of this population is majorly carbohydrates with vegetables and a small percentage of lean meat. This poses a greater nutritional challenge to the people. Most of the families are not able to achieve a balanced diet. This has had greater impact to the health status of the population hence recording higher incidences of obesity and other related conditions such as heart diseases and stroke. Statistics reveal that this population has 130 percent above the national average on the prevalence of diabetes, with 68 percent for cardiovascular disease and 34 percent higher for cancer. With the adoption of the western lifestyle and higher calorie intake coupled with less physical activity, the native Hawaiian population stands at a greater risk of overweight and obesity.
Barriers to Health for Native Hawaiians
The barrier to health care can be socio economic, cultural or political. In terms of the native Hawaiian population the socioeconomic barriers rank among the top. The population has is of lower economic status making it difficult to access quality healthcare services (Park et al., 2018). Most of the families do not have medical insurance covers. Lower level of education makes it difficult to raise awareness on the health promotion measures as most of the families are not well informed on the role of the community health nurses in promoting healthy living standards among the population. Due to low income for a number of households, there is poor housing standards, poor hygiene and poor nutrition. Families that cannot afford a balanced diet exposes the children to malnutritional disorders. It is imperative to note that as a result of low living standards the youth are likely to resort to careless lifestyles of violence, drug and substance use that generally affect their general health standards. There are also increased incidences of moral decadence, irresponsible sexual behaviors that exposes this population to greater risks of HIV/AIDS and related comorbidities like tuberculosis.
Health Promotion Activities Practiced by Native Hawaiians
The native Hawaiian population have practiced the use of traditional medicines and herbs to treat basic health conditions such as stomachache, headache and other minor conditions like injuries such as burns. This tradition commonly referred to as la’au lapa’au, has played a significant role in the health promotion measures of this population. Additionally, the communities in this population have fostered strong traditions of conflict resolution and mediation that have promoted harmonious living among the family members and the community. The native Hawaiian conflict solution practice of ho’oponopono has been in application for many years and has proved to be effective in resolving internal conflicts and strengthen the societal fabric hence better social wellbeing of the members (Smith, 2016). Moreover, in terms of access to medical screening, most of the community members have access to regular screening for early detection and treatment of most of the common cancers.
Three Levels of Health Promotion Prevention
The health promotion measures follow a three-tier approach, the primary, secondary and the tertiary measures. The primary health promotion measure for this population will include the use of physical exercise as a means of tackling cases of overweight and obesity (Braden & Nigg, 2016). Physical exercise helps urn the excess calories and fats hence maintain a lean body and reduce the incidences of diseases such as obesity, type-2 diabetes, high blood pressure and stroke. The population needs to be sensitized on having regular physical exercise. This can be achieved by working together with the community-based organizations on educating the community members and helping them come up with regular schedules for physical exercise.
The secondary health promotion measure involves encouraging members of the population to attend regular screening sessions. This will help in early detection of greater underlying medical conditions such as diabetes and cancers hence start early treatment. It is evident from research findings that early detection and treatment of most of the common cancers has proved to be successful in complete elimination of the cancers and guarantees full recovery (Kaholokula et al., 2018). The tertiary health promotion measure involves educating the members of the population on how to self-manage the various health conditions or chronic diseases they are suffering from. This will help the patient manage the conditions properly, reduce the chances of readmission, lower the mortality rate and reduce the chances of developing other related health conditions.
Culturally Competent Health Promotion for Ethnic Minority Population
In the process of designing the health promotion measures for various populations, it is imperative to put into consideration the cultural practices, beliefs and the traditions of the community members. This ultimately affect the decision-making process of this members when choosing the health promotion measure or the medical interventions available to them (Albougami, Pounds, & Alotaibi, 2016). A culturally sensitive plan must put into consideration the cultural practices, the religious beliefs and rituals, the dieting pattern, the health custom, and the alternative traditional health intervention options available to the community such as traditional herbs and charms.
The best model in developing a culturally sensitive health promotion measures for the ethnic minority group of the native Hawaiian is the transcultural model. This model focuses on the need to have the assessment of the individual needs as unique and approach it in a unique way as dictated by the individual’s culture and beliefs (Albougami, Pounds & Alotaibi, 2016). The model pays keen attention to the six dimensions associated with every culture that is; communication, social organization, space, environmental control, and biological variation. It will help one have a deeper understanding of the communities’ beliefs, traditions and culture and how they can be incorporated into the health promotion measures.
Conclusion
Minority groups in the US continue to face a number of challenges such as access to quality healthcare. The native Hawaiian population have various disparities that expose them to a greater health risk. These disparities stem from the social-economic challenges faced by this group. Majority of the community members have limited access to education hence compromised ability to secure meaningful employment. This result to less household income, inability to secure proper health insurance and poor hygiene and nutrition. These disparities make the population susceptible to health conditions such as type-2 diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, stroke and other common forms of cancers. It is imperative to note that the nutritional patterns of the native Hawaiian overly constitute of carbohydrates and has been a key contributing factor in high cases of obesity. In the development of the health promotion measures, it is important to put into consideration the cultural beliefs and practices of the community. It is these practices and beliefs that have a long-term impact to the kind of decisions made by members of the community towards achieving quality health and lifestyle.
References
Albougami, A. S., Pounds, K. G., & Alotaibi, J. S. (2016). Comparison of four cultural competence models in transcultural nursing: A discussion paper. International Archives of Nursing and Health Care, 2(3), 1-5.
Braden, K. W., & Nigg, C. R. (2016). Modifiable determinants of obesity in Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander youth. Hawai’i Journal of Medicine & Public Health, 75(6), 162.
CDC – Healthy Communities Program – Journal Articles on Successes – NCCDPHP: Community Health. (2019, May 29). Www.cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dch/programs/healthycommunitiesprogram/evaluation-innovation/successarticles.htm
Kaholokula, J. K. A., Ing, C. T., Look, M. A., Delafield, R., & Sinclair, K. I. (2018). Culturally responsive approaches to health promotion for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders. Annals of human biology, 45(3), 249-263.
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander – The Office of Minority Health. (2019). Hhs.gov. https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=3&lvlid=65
Park, J. J., Humble, S., Sommers, B. D., Colditz, G. A., Epstein, A. M., & Koh, H. K. (2018). Health insurance for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and pacific islanders under the affordable care act. JAMA internal medicine, 178(8), 1128-1129.
Description
Objectives:
1. Examine the importance of cultural competency in health promotion.
2. Discuss the application of cultural theories to provide effective family-centered care.
3. Discuss the significance of nutrition education in health promotion
Health Promotion: Health and Wellness Across the Continuum
Description:
Read Chapter 3 in Health Promotion: Health and Wellness Across the Continuum.
CDC – Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH)
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Description:
Explore the resources available on the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) page of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website. These materials will be useful in completing the assignment for this topic.
US Department of Health and Human Services
Description:
Explore the resources available on the Minority Health page of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services website. These materials will be useful in completing the assignment for this topic.
CDC – Minority Health
Description:
Explore the resources available on the Minority Health page of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website. These materials will be useful in completing the assignment for this topic.
SAMHSA – Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations
Description:
Explore the resources available on the Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations page of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) website. These materials will be useful in completing the assignment for this topic.
Healthy People 2020
Description:
Explore the Healthy People 2020 website.
Nutrition is the main component of health promotion because it provides the essentials for the body to function. Good nutrition supports the growth, development, and maintenance of bodily systems. A well-balanced diet ensures the individual receives the necessary nutrients such as vitamins, protein, good fats, and minerals. Also, good nutrition plays a vital role in preventing diseases. According to Falkner (2018), nutrition is a central component of healthy living and a key element in daily social life. The nutritional challenges for emerging populations would most likely be malnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, and an increase in diseases such as anemia, impaired cognitive development, and compromised immune function. According to Eicher-Miller & Fialkwoski (2020), individuals who live in rural areas where food insecurity results in micronutrient inadequacy contribute to the risk of chronic disease and poor health when experienced over years into later adulthood. Nutritional deficiency or excess plays an important role in contributing to the development of a disease. For example, nutritional excess can lead to cardiovascular disease due to excessive saturated fats. A nutritional deficiency in iron can lead to anemia.
Eicher-Miller, Heather A, and Marie K Fialkowski. “Nutrition among Vulnerable U.S. Populations.” Nutrients, 15 Oct. 2020, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602584/.
Falkner, A. (2018). Cultural awareness. In Grand Canyon University (Eds.), Health promotion: Health & wellness across the continuum (1st ed). https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/#/chapter/3
What are the methods a nurse can use to gather cultural information from patients? How does cultural competence relate to better patient care? Discuss the ways in which a nurse demonstrates cultural competency in nursing practice
A nurse can use various methods to gather cultural information from the patient:
Medical Records: I work in an observation unit where we admit many patients every day. Since most of our patient comes from ER, they all tend to have some kind of medical record. Therefore, start gathering patient cultural information from medical records makes sense. It may contain information about their cultural background and experiences that could influence their healthcare decisions.
Communication: Nurses should use open end questions to gather information. Be more understanding to establish trust. Acknowledging and respecting cultural differences makes it easier to collect information. We should actively attempt to learn about many different cultures, backgrounds, beliefs, customs, and medical traditions. This knowledge can help us become sensitive to cultural differences and ask the right question to get better information. Consider using an interpreter to bridge language barriers.
Observation: While gathering information, it is essential to watch for visual indicators that can help you understand cultural norms. Things like jewelry, attire, and religious symbols can point out cultural affiliations Trainer, (2018).
Cultural competence is crucial for providing better patient care:
A patient-centered approach that considers each patient’s requirements, preferences, and values is fostered by cultural competency. Patients are more likely to be receptive to their healthcare experience when they feel appreciated and understood within their cultural context.
Cultural competence allows nurses to provide tailored care that aligns with patients’ cultural beliefs. This can positively impact patient treatment, engagement in preventive care, and overall health outcomes.
Reduce health disparities: Culture-competent care helps to address healthcare disparities in marginalized or minority populations. By acknowledging and addressing cultural factors that influence health, nurses can work towards reducing inequalities and promoting health equity Cai, (2016).
The nurse demonstrates cultural competence in their practice in various ways:
Cultural self-awareness: Nurses should be mindful of their own cultural values, biases and conceptions to avoid imposing their own opinions on a patient.
Adaption of care: Nurses can modify their approach to care to accommodate cultural preferences. For instance, a nurse can consider diet restrictions, spiritual or religious practices, and communication styles when planning and delivering care.
Collaboration and advocacy: Nurses can collaborate with patients, families, and interdisciplinary teams to incorporate cultural considerations into a care plan. They can also advocate for appropriate cultural resources and community support to ensure patients receive the best care, possible Smith, (2018.
Reference:
Cai, D. Y. (2016). A concept analysis of cultural competence. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 3(3), 268-273.
Smith, L. S. (2018). A nurse educator’s guide to cultural competence. Nursing Management, 49(2), 11-14.
Trainor, A. A. (2018). Community Conversation as a Method of Gathering and Analyzing Qualitative Data. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 29(1), 2–6.
Grading Rubric
| Performance Category | 100% or highest level of performance
100% 16 points |
Very good or high level of performance
88% 14 points |
Acceptable level of performance
81% 13 points |
Inadequate demonstration of expectations
68% 11 points |
Deficient level of performance
56% 9 points
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Failing level
of performance 55% or less 0 points |
| Total Points Possible= 50 | 16 Points | 14 Points | 13 Points | 11 Points | 9 Points | 0 Points |
| Scholarliness
Demonstrates achievement of scholarly inquiry for professional and academic topics. |
Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements:
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Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements:
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Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in all of the following elements:
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| Application of Course Knowledge
Demonstrate the ability to analyze and apply principles, knowledge and information learned in the outside readings and relate them to real-life professional situations |
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Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements:
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| Interactive Dialogue
Initial post should be a minimum of 300 words (references do not count toward word count) The peer and instructor responses must be a minimum of 150 words each (references do not count toward word count) Responses are substantive and relate to the topic. |
Demonstrated all of the following:
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| Grammar, Syntax, APA
Points deducted for improper grammar, syntax and APA style of writing. The source of information is the APA Manual 6th Edition Error is defined to be a unique APA error. Same type of error is only counted as one error. |
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| Due Date Requirements | Demonstrated all of the following:
A minimum of one peer and one instructor responses are to be posted within the course no later than Sunday, 11:59 pm MT. |
Demonstrates one or less of the following.
A minimum of one peer and one instructor responses are to be posted within the course no later than Sunday, 11:59 pm MT. |