1- Do not plagiarism please.

2- THE IMPRTANT THINGS IN THIS ASSIGNMENT THE REFERENCE AND CITATIONS AND THE REFERENCE SHOULD BE IN APA FORMAT.

3- you can see the rubrics down in the uploaded section. and for pre lab 8 I will send you the data soon so you can fill out the lab.

3- the file lab assignment 8 you need to follow these instructions:

3- I’m going to post a previous lab assignment 5 and you need to make a PowerPoint. you can read the instructions down and understand what assignment 8 mean. ->

Create PowerPoint

1. Create your slides first. Choose an appropriate background that does not hide your text or figures. Make sure you try out the background to see if it is hard to read – a real turn off in a presentation.
2. As a minimum, you need 12 slides – you may use more.
   • Slide 1 – Title, your name, etc.
   • Slide 2 – Introduction slide that summarizes what will be presented.
   • Slides 3-10 – Each step of the scientific process on a different slide – use this as the title of your slide. On this slide you provide the matching information for the lab simulation that you picked. Describe or show the specifics that are important.
     (Note! Not all information is as important as others. Your job is to find and figure out which are the most important parts to share. You may use more than one slide if appropriate. Pictures and graphs may be appropriate but you will need to describe them in the narration.)
   • Slide 11 – A conclusion, concluding remarks, etc.
   • Slide 12 – All references listed in APA format.

There is an art to creating a good presentation. You can really only learn it by doing it.

• First think about your listener. What will they want to hear and see in a presentation? Assume that your viewer has not done the lab simulation. You never really know who your viewer will be so do not assume that they will have the appropriate background to understand what you are saying.
• Does a lot of moving pieces or many colors help or distract from the point you are trying to make?
• Does all of the text that you have on the slide need to be there for your viewer? If not, then don’t put it there. Put it in a script that you can read when you narrate.
• Look at my videos. While they may not be perfect, there is generally more information provided in the narration than in the text part of the video.
• Any questions? Make sure you ask me or the TAs. While we may not be perfect, we all have done this more than you likely have.

Narrate PowerPoint

1. Complete all of your editing of text, pictures or figures in your PowerPoint before beginning this step.
2. Create a script or notes that will allow you to narrate your slide from the beginning of the presentation to the end.
3. When complete, start your narration of the PowerPoint.
   1. Select Slide Show > Record Slide Show.
   2. Choose “Start Recording from Beginning”
   3. Select “Start Recording”.
   4. Start speaking. Speak through the end of the presentation slides. The recording will end when the slideshow ends. (Note: Audio won’t record when slide transitions happen so let transitions play before you start speaking.)
   5. Save
4. Your complete mp4 narration (see below) should be at least 10 minutes and less than 15 minutes.

Export as an mp4

1. Select File or Edit > Export.
2. Choose Create a Video.
3. Select HD or Standard file size. Choose Standard if you have limited bandwidth to upload the file.
4. Select “Use Recorded Timings and Narrations”
5. Select Create Video button.
6. Name your file with your name and lab you are presenting. Use this format. (First Name, Last Name, Lab X)
7. Save the file to a folder on your computer where you will be able to locate it easily.
8. When complete, post your video to the Lab 8 Assignment in the Dropbox. (also following this file in the module).

…………………….

PRE-LAB 8 :

I will uploaded pre lab 7 so you can answer some of the answer.

Instructions

 

Answer the questions in the attached file and submit to this assignment before the due date.

• Attach your assignment as a word document before the due date and time. All other file formats will receive a zero.
• Make sure you review and use the rubric; it is how your assignment will be scored.
• A correctly formatted reference and citation are required in your assignment.

Design a Study, Lab 5 Assignment Complete this assignment and attach your document as a word file to the correct dropbox on Elearning before the due date. (20 points) 1. You did four different simulations this week. In the chart below, I would like you to state the hypothesis that was given for each simulation or one that you can deduce from the simulation, if one was not given. Next, I want you to think about the design of each study. Identify and list each of the items that are given below in each simulation. Simulation 1 Hypothesis Catalase Enzyme Activity Catalase enzyme can remove hydrogen peroxide from cells and tissues, and that this can protect cells and tissues from damage. Dependent Variable The concentration of catalase enzyme activity is the dependent variable in the simulation Independent Variable Positive Control Negative Control Controlled Variables Independent variable was time A positive control is a control sample that is known to produce a positive result. In catalase enzyme activity simulation, a positive control was peroxide and catalase reaction. The negative control in the catalase enzyme activity simulation would be a situation in which the catalase enzyme is not present. In this case, the substrate (hydrogen peroxide) would not be broken down into water and oxygen, and the rate of reaction would be much slower. Therefore in this experiment, they are water reaction with catalase and peroxide reaction with water The concentration of the substrate and the concentration of the enzyme 1 Simulation 2 Hypothesis Dependent Variable Independent Variable Positive Control Negative Control Controlled Variables Effect of Concentration on Activity The hypothesis of this simulation is that the activity of a reaction will increase as the concentration of the reactants increases. The rate of reaction is the variable that is being measured in this simulation. The rate of reaction is affected by the concentration of the enzyme The concentration of enzyme is the independent variable Increasing the concentration of enzyme Decreasing the concentration of enzyme The concentration of the enzyme is the controlled variable in the Effect of Concentration of enzyme on Activity simulation. The reason for this is that the concentration of the enzyme determines the rate at which the enzyme can catalyze the reaction. If the concentration of the enzyme is too low, then the reaction will be slow. If the concentration of the enzyme is too high, then the reaction will be too fast and may not be able to proceed to completion. 2 Simulation 3 Hypothesis Dependent Variable Independent Variable Positive Control Negative Control Controlled Variables Effect of Temperature on Activity Increase in temperature increases rate of reaction The dependent variable is the activity of the enzyme. The independent variable in the Effect of temperature on Activity of enzyme simulation is the temperature The positive control in the Effect of temperature on Activity of enzyme simulation would be the enzyme with the highest activity at the highest temperature In our case, raising the temperature to optimal working temperature of the enzyme which is about 37°C The negative control in the Effect of temperature on Activity of enzyme simulation would be the enzyme with the lowest activity In our case, at the lowest temperature where the enzyme activities are denatured or at the higher temperatures past optimal temperature The temperature is the variable that is being controlled in the Effect of temperature of enzyme on Activity simulation 3 Simulation 4 Hypothesis Dependent Variable Independent Variable Positive Control Negative Control Controlled Variables Effect of pH on Activity Increasing pH decreases enzyme activity The dependent variable is the activity of the enzyme. The independent variable in the Effect of temperature on Activity of enzyme simulation is the temperature The positive control in the Effect of pH on Activity of enzyme simulation would be the enzyme with the highest activity at the optimal pH, since enzymes are pH specific In our case, raising the pH to optimal working pH of the enzyme which is about neutral pH, 7 The negative control in the Effect of pH on Activity of enzyme simulation would be the enzyme with the lowest activity In our case, at the lowest pH or at the higher pH past optimal temperature The pH is the variable that is being controlled in the Effect of pH of enzyme on Activity simulation 4 2. In the “Effect of Concentration on Activity” simulation, you collected data. A. Using the chart below, enter the data you collected. Catalase Concentration (%) 0 5 10 20 Volume of Bubbles (ml) 0 2 4 6 B. Using Excel, plot your data on a scatter graph. Add lines, label all axis and provide titles. When your graph is complete, paste it into the space following this question. (Do not use the graph created as part of the simulation). 5 3. In the “Effect of Temperature on Activity” simulation, you collected data. A. Using the chart below, enter the data you collected. Catalase Temperature (oC) 0 25 37 45 55 Volume of Bubbles (ml) 0.5 2 4 3 1.5 B. Using Excel, plot your data on a scatter graph. Add lines, label all axis and provide titles. When your graph is complete, paste it into the space following this question. (do not use the graph created as part of the simulation). 6 4. In the “Effect of pH on Activity” simulation, you collected data. A. Using the chart below, enter the data you collected. Catalase pH 3 5 7 9 11 Volume of Bubbles (ml) 0.5 1 2.5 2 0.5 B. Using Excel, plot your data on a scatter graph. Add lines, label all axis and provide titles. When your graph is complete, paste it into the space following this question. (Do not use the graph created as part of the simulation). 7 5. Now look at your pH, temperature and concentration graphs that you created. From each graph you should be able to identify the condition that gave the most enzyme activity. What is it? Write it below in the table. Best Temperature Best pH Best Concentration 37 7 20 If you were in a research lab, we would use this information to make a better assay. For example, we might have started our assay at 25C for concentration and pH assays without knowing that 37C actually gave a better result. The same goes for the other two assays; we made assumptions about what we thought would work. We have controlled variables that were used for each assay that might not be the best. They have to be determined. 6. Knowing what you just identified with your catalase results in 5 above, what do you think would be our best assay conditions if we would do this again? What would the conditions be that you kept controlled? Explain why you chose the conditions that you did. If we were to do this again the best assay conditions would be 37 degrees Celsius, pH 7, and a substrate concentration of 0.3%. The reason for these conditions is that they resulted in the highest catalase activity. The enzyme works best at body temperature, so 37 degrees Celsius is ideal. The optimal pH for catalase is between pH 6 and 8, so pH 7 is a good middle ground. The substrate concentration should be high enough to provide a good reaction, but not so high that it saturates the enzyme. 0.3% is a good concentration to use. We would keep these conditions controlled because they gave the best results in terms of catalase activity. 37C is the optimal temperature for catalase activity, and 7.0 is the optimal ph. The substrate concentration of 20 mm was the concentration at which we saw the highest rate of reaction. 8 7. Design a better temperature assay. Look back at your temperature graph. You made predictions as to the best temperature based on your graph. But there are a lot of holes between 37C and 45C. For all we know, it could have kept going up until 40C before it started to decrease. We just don’t have the data to know. If we look just at our graph, we could be led astray by the line. We assume that it is the trend that the line shows, but we really do not know for sure. We still have holes. I want you to design a study that will help plug the holes in our data. Fill in the table below. Information Type Hypothesis Dependent Variable Independent Variable Positive Control Negative Control Controlled Variables Information High temperatures favor rate of reaction The dependent variable is the rate of reaction The independent variable is temperature. Increasing temperature to optimal Increasing temperature past optimal or decreasing the temperature below optimal The temperature is the variable that is being controlled in the Effect of temperature of enzyme on Activity simulation 8. Explain how you would do the experiment you just created in #7 and what data you might expect to find. Make sure it is well explained so that both a TA and I can understand what you intend. To do this experiment, you would need to set up a water bath with two different temperatures. One temperature would be the control, and the other would be the experimental temperature. In order to test the effect of temperature on catalase enzyme, you would need to add catalase to a substrate such as hydrogen peroxide. You would then measure the rate of reaction at the two different temperatures and compare the results. If the experimental temperature is higher than the control, you would expect to see an increase in the rate of reaction. This is because enzymes are generally more active at higher temperatures. If the experimental temperature is lower than the control, you would expect to see a decrease in the rate of reaction. This is because enzymes are generally less active at lower temperatures. 9 Analyze Data, Lab Prep 7 Complete this assignment and attach your document as a word file to the correct dropbox on Elearning before the due date. 10 points 1. Collecting data does not just come while doing lab experiments. It can occur during everyday life as well. Write down and explain the context for two different instances where you have “collected data” this week. What data did you collect? Why did you collect this data? Make sure you answer every part of this question. Write your first instance here. The data I collected was on how much money I would have in my account if I saved $200 every month in a bank that earns an interest of 5.0% per annum. I collected this data because I was worried about being unable to lead a good lifestyle after retirement. Write your second instance here. The data I collected was on the amount of money I spent on junk food per week. I did this because I was worried about my budget and was thinking that if I could focus on cooking at home, I would save more money. 1 2. Using the two instances in #1 above, I want you to explain how you “analyzed” the data you collected. What did you do? Provide a step by step process of what you did to analyze your data. Write your first instance here. I analyzed the data I collected in the first instance by calculating how much I would have in the bank 40 years from now if I saved $200 per month. I sought a future value of savings calculator online and found one at https://www.calculator.net/future-value-calculator.html. Using this calculator, I calculated the value of my future savings account is I save $2400 per year. I found that I will be having $291,327.46 in my account 40 years from now. Write your second instance here. I analyzed the data by taking the number of days I eat junk food per weak with the average price of the food. To compare this with the amount I would use if I cooked at home, I also calculated the amount of money I would incur if I cooked at home. I then calculated the difference to see the amount of money I would save per week. I found out that I could save $56 per week by cooking at home. 2 3. The goal of analyzing data is to conclude that it supports or does not support your hypothesis. What was your hypothesis for each set of data collected? Did your analysis of your data support your hypothesis or not? Make sure you answer all parts of the question. Write your first instance here. Hypothesis: I will be having a million dollars in my account 40 years from now if I save $200 per month in a bank that earns an interest of 5% per annum. My data analysis did not support my analysis because I found out that I will only be having $291,327.46. Write your second instance here. Hypothesis: I will save more than $40 per week if I stop eating out. My analysis supported this hypothesis because I found out that I could save $56 per week by cooking at home. 3 4. The following statement is incorrect. “Respiration occurs only in animal cells. Photosynthesis occurs only in plants.” Using 100 words minimum, explain why that statement is incorrect. What is your evidence to back up your understanding as to why this is incorrect? Respiration is the process that allows living organisms to obtain energy from food by combining food molecules with oxygen and then using the energy obtained for life-sustaining cellular activities and disposing of the waste products (Budin et al., 2018). Respiration in cells takes place in mitochondria and occurs in both animal and plant cells since they both require energy to carry out their functions. Photosynthesis also does not occur in plants only. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, cyanobacteria, and algae use light energy in combination with water and carbon dioxide to produce food (Vanhoudt et al., 2018). This does not occur in plants only as some cyanobacteria and algae also carry out photosynthesis to make food. 4 References Budin, I., de Rond, T., Chen, Y., Chan, L. J. G., Petzold, C. J., & Keasling, J. D. (2018). Viscous control of cellular respiration by membrane lipid composition. Science, 362(6419), 11861189. Vanhoudt, N., Vandenhove, H., Leys, N., & Janssen, P. (2018). Potential of higher plants, algae, and cyanobacteria for remediation of radioactively contaminated waters. Chemosphere, 207, 239-254. 5