Explain how health care policy affects health care organizations, patient care, and cost-effective quality care NUR 514

Topic 4 DQ 1

Explain how health care policy affects health care organizations, patient care, and cost-effective quality care. What measures can the nurse leader take as an advocate for patient care and addressing health care cost?

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

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Current Legislation

Research legislation currently being considered in your state (not at the national level) that addresses health care issues. What is the overall history if this piece of legislation? Is there/are there other states in the union in which this legislation is in place? Discuss your findings and identified if committees have met and what process has occurred to bring this bill to the state lawmakers?

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The New Mexico Legislative Session had two sessions this year a regular and special session. During the regular session in January of 2022 there were several healthcare bills proposed for vote. One of those is SB0175 in support of additional funding for the UNM ECHO program. This program has many parts to it including serving children and patients in underserved communities. The work this program has been doing has been ongoing for over ten years. The clinics that do exist have a PA or CNP, RN and CHW. The community health worker (CHW) has a vital role as they are able to do multiple home visits in order to engage high risk patients. The practitioner also performs home visits as needed. The bill proposed continued funding for 2023 and 2024 with the committee meeting several times before introduction of the bill. Unfortunately, the bill did not pass, and this is not to say to lack of funding at the state level as New Mexico saw one of its highest in revenue.

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Assembly Bill 890 is one of the more recent law that passed in California. AB 890 Nurse practitioner (NP) scope of practice will now allow nurse practitioners to practice independently, without physician supervision, once provisions are met. Per this bill, a nurse practitioner should fulfill the transition to practice (TTP) requirements which is 3 full years or 4600 hours. Upon completion of the TTP, the nurse practitioner may then be able to practice in limited settings or organization with one or more physician without standardized procedures. In order to practice outside of those settings, the nurse practitioner must practice within the limits of their knowledge, experience, and certification for another 3 years after meeting the requirements for TTP. The CA Board of Nursing is expected to implement this legislation on or before January 1, 2023 (California Board of Nursing, 2022).

Another related bill that recently passed is Senate Bill 1375. This bill aims to increase access to affordable, quality abortion and reproductive health care in California. This bill clarifies existing laws so that trained and experienced nurse practitioners can provide these services without physician supervision. With the shortage of primary physicians in California, especially in underserved areas, this bill aims to increase access to care (California Association for Nurse Practitioners, 2022). However, due to concerns from legislators, the section of the bill related to the transition to practice (TTP), which would have permitted a nurse practitioner who has been practicing for a minimum of 3 years to satisfy the TTP requirements in order to practice independently, was removed. Now the bill just specifies when a nurse practitioner can perform the procedures and the training options (California Hospital Association, 2022).

The changes to the scope of practice for nurse practitioners in AB 890 provide full practice authority to nurse practitioners similar to the other 26 states in the country. Full Practice Authority (FPA) is the authorization of NP evaluate, diagnose, initiate and manage treatments, and prescribe medications, under the exclusive license authority of the state board of nursing (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2022).

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References:

American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2022). Issues at a glance: Full practice authority. https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/advocacy-resource/policy-briefs/issues-full-practice-brief

California Board of Nursing. (2022). Assembly bill 890. https://www.rn.ca.gov/practice/ab890.shtml

California Association for Nurse Practitioners. (2022). 2022 Legislation status: The legislative and regulatory process. https://canpweb.org/advocacy/ab-890-implementation/2022-legislation-status/

California Hospital Association. (2022) Bill tracker. https://calhospital.org/advocacy/bill-finder/

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I am a registered nurse in Phoenix, Arizona. We are very fortunate in Arizona to have political support for research legislation. The Arizona BioIndustry Association collaborates with the Arizona Department of Health Services (AZDHS) to support funding and legislation for bioscience research, health education, and innovation in healthcare (Arizona BioIndustry Association, 2022). The AZDHS oversees the Arizona Biomedical Research Centre (ABRC). The organization was created by the community and is funded through tobacco and lottery revenue to support innovative biomedical research to improve the health of all Arizonans. ABRC grants biomedical researchers and helps researchers become successful and globally competitive through educational activities. The most well-known project ABRC supports is the collection and public banking of donated umbilical cord blood and other birth tissue for use in research (Arizona Biomedical Research Centre, 2022). The government supports healthcare research and aims to lead research initiatives to help the community. The most influential program is the donated core blood that can aid in the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma.

References

Explain how health care policy affects health care organizations, patient care, and cost-effective quality care NUR 514

Arizona Biomedical Research Centre. (2022). Www.azdhs.gov; ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES. https://www.azdhs.gov/biomedical/#about-home

Arizona BioIndustry Association. (2022). AZBio Public Policy Guide. AZBio. https://s11759.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/AZBio-Public-Policy-Guide-2022-23.pdf

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Healthcare policy is crucial because it aids in establishing rules that are advantageous to patients, healthcare professionals, and the medical system as a whole. Adhering to the policies and regulations can help to avoid health errors and shoddy communication regarding medical decisions.

Healthcare policy establishes and enforces the legal regulations, and standards that the healthcare system must abide by. It also establishes a core path of action that is employed to guide desired goals and serves as a solid basis for decision-making. Health facilities are required to update healthcare procedures and abide by policy laws. Institutions are required to train their staff when a policy is amended or modified so they are aware of their responsibilities.

Healthcare policies are customized for the treatment of individual patient care e.g., the cancer center will develop distinct patient care rules. Even though adhering to the rules can occasionally be expensive and complicated, people can access easy and affordable healthcare.

Despite having health insurance, a lot of people still have to pay astronomically high out-of-pocket medical expenses. Policymakers have explored finding a solution to reduce costs without sacrificing the standard of care and services such as empowering lawmakers to control healthcare costs, drastically lowering the cost of prescription drugs or introduction of government-run. These public health insurance options offer better rates (Rogers, 2022).

Patient care can be promoted by a nurse leader in a variety of ways. Nurse managers can discuss the patients’ requirements with caregivers to deliver high-quality care at home. Nurse executives can advise patients on medical costs so they can choose the most favorable financial plan with insight. To save healthcare costs, nurses can make sure that nursing divisions keep within their allocated spending caps. A nurse may object to needless treatments or medications. They can advise the administrations on ways to cut costs and give insights into eliminating waste. Nurses can carefully document and report signs of patient improvement, which can help doctors when they’re making the prescription (Hanson and Haddad, 2021).

References:

Hanson, A., & Haddad, L. M. (2021). Nursing Rights of Medication Administration. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.

Rogers, S. (2022, September 21). What is healthcare policy and why is it important. ProMed Certifications | Medical News. Retrieved December 4, 2022, from https://promedcert.com/blog/what-is-healthcare-policy-and-why-is-it-important/

Grading Rubric

Performance Category	100% or highest level of performance 100% 16 points	Very good or high level of performance 88% 14 points	Acceptable level of performance 81% 13 points	Inadequate demonstration of expectations 68% 11 points	Deficient level of performance 56% 9 points	Failing level of performance 55% or less 0 points
Total Points Possible= 50	16 Points	14 Points	13 Points	11 Points	9 Points	0 Points
Scholarliness Demonstrates achievement of scholarly inquiry for professional and academic topics.	Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: Provides evidence of scholarly inquiry relevant to required TD topic(s). Presents specific information from scholarly sources to develop a comprehensive presentation of facts. Uses at least one outside scholarly reference that is relevant, less than 5 years old (use of older references requires instructor permission) and reliable for the required topic.* Uses in-text citation and full reference at end of posting when presenting another person’s thoughts as quotes or paraphrase of information.	Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: Provides evidence of scholarly inquiry relevant to required TD topic(s). Presents specific information from scholarly sources to develop a comprehensive presentation of facts. Uses at least one outside scholarly reference that is relevant, less than 5 years old (use of older references requires instructor permission) and reliable for the required topic.* Uses in-text citation and full reference at end of posting when presenting another person’s thoughts as quotes or paraphrase of information.	Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in all of the following elements: Provides evidence of scholarly inquiry relevant to required TD topic(s). Presents specific information from scholarly sources to develop a comprehensive presentation of facts. Uses at least one outside scholarly reference that is relevant, less than 5 years old (use of older references requires instructor permission) and reliable for the required topic.* Uses in-text citation and full reference at end of posting when presenting another person’s thoughts as quotes or paraphrase of information.	Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in one of the following elements: Provides evidence of scholarly inquiry relevant to required TD topic(s). Presents specific information from scholarly sources to develop a comprehensive presentation of facts. Uses at least one outside scholarly reference that is relevant, less than 5 years old (use of older references requires instructor permission) and reliable for the required topic.* Uses in-text citation and full reference at end of posting when presenting another person’s thoughts as quotes or paraphrase of information.	Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in two of the following elements: Provides evidence of scholarly inquiry relevant to required TD topic(s). Presents specific information from scholarly sources to develop a comprehensive presentation of facts. Uses at least one outside scholarly reference that is relevant, less than 5 years old (use of older references requires instructor permission) and reliable for the required topic.* Uses in-text citation and full reference at end of posting when presenting another person’s thoughts as quotes or paraphrase of information.	Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in three or more of the following elements Provides evidence of scholarly inquiry relevant to required TD topic(s). Presents specific information from scholarly sources to develop a comprehensive presentation of facts. Uses at least one outside scholarly reference that is relevant, less than 5 years old (use of older references requires instructor permission) and reliable for the required topic.* Uses in-text citation and full reference at end of posting when presenting another person’s thoughts as quotes or paraphrase of information
	16 Points	14 Points	13 Points	11 Points	9 Points	0 Points
Application of Course Knowledge Demonstrate the ability to analyze and apply principles, knowledge and information learned in the outside readings and relate them to real-life professional situations	Presentation of information was exceptional and included all of the following elements: Applies principles, knowledge and information from scholarly resources to the required topic. Applies facts, principles or concepts learned from scholarly resources to a professional experience. Application of information is comprehensive and specific to the required topic.	Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included all of the following elements: Applies principles, knowledge and information from scholarly resources to the required topic. Applies facts, principles or concepts learned from scholarly resources to a professional experience. Application of information is comprehensive and specific to the required topic.	Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the all of the following elements: Applies principles, knowledge and information from scholarly resources to the required topic. Applies facts, principles or concepts learned from scholarly resources to a professional experience. Application of information is comprehensive and specific to the required topic.	Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in one of the following elements: Applies principles, knowledge and information from scholarly resources to the required topic. Applies facts, principles or concepts learned from and scholarly resources to a professional experience. Application of information is comprehensive and specific to the required topic.	Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in two of the following elements: Applies principles, knowledge and information from scholarly resources to the required topic. Applies facts, principles or concepts learned from scholarly resources to a professional experience. Application of information is comprehensive and specific to the required topic.	Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in three of the following elements Applies principles, knowledge and information and scholarly resources to the required topic. Applies facts, principles or concepts learned scholarly resources to a professional experience. Application of information is comprehensive and specific to the required topic.
	10 Points	9 Points			6 Points	0 Points
Interactive Dialogue Initial post should be a minimum of 300 words (references do not count toward word count) The peer and instructor responses must be a minimum of 150 words each (references do not count toward word count) Responses are substantive and relate to the topic.	Demonstrated all of the following: Initial post must be a minimum of 300 words. The peer and instructor responses must be a minimum of 150 words each. Responses are substantive Responses are related to the topic of discussion.	Demonstrated 3 of the following: Initial post must be a minimum of 300 words. The peer and instructor responses must be a minimum of 150 words each. Responses are substantive Responses are related to the topic of discussion.			Demonstrated 2 of the following: Initial post must be a minimum of 300 words. The peer and instructor responses must be a minimum of 150 words each. Responses are substantive Responses are related to the topic of discussion.	Demonstrated 1 or less of the following: Initial post must be a minimum of 300 words. The peer and instructor responses must be a minimum of 150 words each. Responses are substantive Responses are related to the topic of discussion.
	8 Points	7 Points	6 Points	5 Points	4 Points	0 Points
Grammar, Syntax, APA Points deducted for improper grammar, syntax and APA style of writing. The source of information is the APA Manual 6th Edition Error is defined to be a unique APA error. Same type of error is only counted as one error.	The following was present: 0-3 errors in APA format AND Responses have 0-3 grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors AND Writing style is generally clear, focused on topic,and facilitates communication.	The following was present: 4-6 errors in APA format. AND/OR Responses have 4-5 grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors AND/OR Writing style is somewhat focused on topic.	The following was present: 7-9 errors in APA format. AND/OR Responses have 6-7 grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors AND/OR Writing style is slightly focused on topic making discussion difficult to understand.	The following was present: 10- 12 errors in APA format AND/OR Responses have 8-9 grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors AND/OR Writing style is not focused on topic, making discussion difficult to understand.	The following was present: 13 – 15 errors in APA format AND/OR Responses have 8-10 grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors AND/OR Writing style is not focused on topic, making discussion difficult to understand. AND/OR The student continues to make repeated mistakes in any of the above areas after written correction by the instructor.	The following was present: 16 to greater errors in APA format. AND/OR Responses have more than 10 grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors. AND/OR Writing style does not facilitate communication
	0 Points Deducted					5 Points Lost
Participation Requirements	Demonstrated the following: Initial, peer, and faculty postings were made on 3 separate days					Failed to demonstrate the following: Initial, peer, and faculty postings were made on 3 separate days
	0 Points Lost					5 Points Lost
Due Date Requirements	Demonstrated all of the following: The initial posting to the graded threaded discussion topic is posted within the course no later than Wednesday, 11:59 pm MT. A minimum of one peer and one instructor responses are to be posted within the course no later than Sunday, 11:59 pm MT.					Demonstrates one or less of the following. The initial posting to the graded threaded discussion topic is posted within the course no later than Wednesday, 11:59 pm MT. A minimum of one peer and one instructor responses are to be posted within the course no later than Sunday, 11:59 pm MT.