BIOL 1033 Different Types of Mutations Lab Report

NAME: . Mutation Assignment: different types of mutations and how they may affect a protein READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE YOU START • • • • • • Previously, you learned about gene expression. A gene is “expressed” when it is used as instructions for making a polypeptide. You learned how to “transcribe” a DNA sequence into an mRNA sequence. Then, by reading the mRNA codons, you were able to list the order of amino acids in the polypeptide. Recall that you needed the genetic code table to “translate” the mRNA sequence into the amino acid sequence. For this assignment, you will again do transcription and translation. In #1 you are given the original, unmutated DNA sequence. In #2, #3, #4, and #5 a mutation has modified the original DNA sequence. With the assistance of Table 15.1, you will figure out what types of mutations are found in the DNA sequences presented in #2, #3, and #4 and/or determine the effect that the mutations have on the amino acid sequences. To do this correctly, you’ll need to carry out transcription and translation for all four questions. Compare the amino acid sequences from #2, #3, #4, #5 to the original amino acid sequence in #1. Complete this homework assignment on your own. Do not copy answers from another student. You can print out and complete the assignment by hand, or you can complete it electronically, in Word. Once you have completed this Mutation Assignment, use the link in the Week 11 & 12 Overview to upload and turn in your work. o If you print out and complete the assignment, upload images of your work. ▪ PDF and most other image file formats will work. ▪ But, DO NOT use the HEIC photo format (Apple cell phones might use this) because it will not open in Canvas. o Do not use Pages (the Mac word processing software) to complete the assignment electronically because the .pages format doesn’t open in Canvas. 1 1. (2) Provided below is the normal allele sequence (an allele is a version of a gene). Figure out the mRNA and amino acid (AA) sequence for this allele. DNA sequence: TAC GGC AGC CTA CCT mRNA sequence: Amino acid sequence: 2. (4) Below, there is a mutation within the normal allele (from #1). The mutation is underlined and is a type of base substitution. Figure out the mRNA and amino acid (AA) sequence for this allele. DNA sequence: TAC GGC AAC CTA CCT mRNA sequence: Amino acid sequence: a. Compare this amino acid sequence to the normal amino acid sequence you put together in #1. How did this base substitution affect the normal amino acid sequence? Explain why this occurred. b. See Table 15.1. What effect did the base substitution have on the polypeptide, none, silent, missense, or nonsense ? 3. (4) Here is another mutation of the normal allele (from #1). The mutation is underlined and is another type of base substitution. Figure out the mRNA and amino acid (AA) sequence for this allele. DNA sequence: TAC GGC AGT CTA CCT mRNA sequence: Amino acid sequence: a. Compare this amino acid sequence to the normal amino acid sequence you put together in #1. How did this base substitution affect the normal amino acid sequence? Explain why this occurred. 2 a. See Table 15.1. What effect did the base substitution have on the polypeptide, none, silent, missense, or nonsense ? 4. (4) Here is another mutation of the normal allele (from #1). The mutation is underlined and is another type of base substitution. Figure out the mRNA and amino acid (AA) sequence for this allele. DNA sequence: TAC GGC AGC CTA ACT mRNA sequence: Amino acid sequence: a. Compare this amino acid sequence to the normal amino acid sequence you put together in #1. How did this base substitution affect the normal amino acid sequence? Explain why this occurred. a. See Table 15.1. What effect did the base substitution have on the polypeptide, none, silent, missense, or nonsense ? 5. (4) Here is another mutation of the normal allele (from #1). The mutation is underlined and is an insertion (a type of frame shift mutation). Figure out the mRNA and amino acid (AA) sequence for this allele. DNA sequence: TAC GGC TAG CCT ACC T mRNA sequence: Amino acid sequence: a. Explain (how and why) this insertion affected the normal amino acid sequence that you put together in #1. Did the “reading frame for the ribosome shift? Explain. 3

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Main Postinga	45 (45%) – 50 (50%) Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources. Supported by at least three current, credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.	40 (40%) – 44 (44%) Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth. Supported by at least three credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.	35 (35%) – 39 (39%) Responds to some of the discussion question(s). One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed. Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Post is cited with two credible sources. Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Contains some APA formatting errors.	0 (0%) – 34 (34%) Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately. Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria. Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Contains only one or no credible sources. Not written clearly or concisely. Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style.
Main Post: Timeliness	10 (10%) – 10 (10%) Posts main post by day 3.	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not post by day 3.
First Response	17 (17%) – 18 (18%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	15 (15%) – 16 (16%) Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	13 (13%) – 14 (14%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.	0 (0%) – 12 (12%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited.
Second Response	16 (16%) – 17 (17%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	14 (14%) – 15 (15%) Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	12 (12%) – 13 (13%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.	0 (0%) – 11 (11%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited.
Participation	5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days.	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days.
Total Points: 100