Assignment: Enhancing Patient and Family-Centered Care Essay

Assignment: Enhancing Patient and Family-Centered Care Essay

Assignment Enhancing Patient and Family-Centered Care Essay

Patient-centered care stems from a collaboration between a patient and a health care team. Patient-centered care refers to care that respects the values, needs and preferences of patients, uses a biopsychosocial perspective instead of relying on the biomedical perspective and creates a strong relationship between the clinician and the patients (Millenson, Shapiro, Greenhouse & DiGioia III, 2016). Business practice points out whether an organization delivers patient-centered care. For instance, patient-centered care is manifested when doctors stop relying on diagnosis and focus on the patient’s problem. Making care patient-oriented creates trusted, personal relationships between doctors and patients. Employing tools like 24/7 online portals increase patient engagement and the use of wearable technology enables patients to track parameters like cholesterol, glucose levels, blood pressure and weight all of which enhance patients centered care. Equally, the use of strict visiting hours and visitors’ restriction negates patient-centered care. Hospitals should ensure that patients can decide who to visit and when and invite family members during rounding and shift changes (Millenson, Shapiro, Greenhouse & DiGioia III, 2016). Lastly, the use of personalized medicine is a practice that portrays patient-centered care and it helps clinicians to predict drugs that suit their patients.

Regulatory requirements have also enhanced the adoption of patient-centered care. A law that has impacted PCC is the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act. Under meaningful use regulatory standards, hospitals are supposed to advance the electronic engagement of patients and ensure access to an online medical record (Millenson & Berenson, 2015). The Act allows patients to contribute to their data and providers are expected to incorporate patient-generated health data in their EHR clinical information. Failure to meet the criteria attracts a penalty. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) offers initiatives like patient satisfaction, patient and family engagement, and patient experience of care all of which enhance PCC (Millenson & Berenson, 2015). For instance, organizations desiring to join the Medicare Shared Saving Program have to explain how evidence-based medicine and patient engagement will be promoted.

Reimbursement and patient-centered care are intertwined. The revenue cycle management of a hospital relies on value-based care reimbursement which creates a patient-centered healthcare setting. Reimbursement redefines performance on what is essential to patients and reduces patient suffering because it indicates how interdependent streams of quality impact its outcome (Novikov et al., 2018). It also fosters an environment that is safe for patient and care providers and promotes compassionate connected care.

Patient and Family-Centered Care Tool (Appendix A)

Setting Description

Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center is a 537-bed not for profit hospital that offers both inpatient and outpatient services (GSHMC, 2020). The facility main focus is chronic disease prevention by providing nutrition and weight management services, improving cancer patient outcomes by providing a comprehensive array of educational, preventative, diagnostic and treatment services and facilitating referral to appropriate resources to help in identifying and treating mental health issues. The hospital serves a community of 850, 000 individuals who come from Suffolk County’s south shore and part of southeastern Nassau County. According to the discharge data, 15.19% of patients served are of Spanish or Hispanic origin, 84.385 are from a non-Spanish or Hispanic origin and only 0.03 are from an unknown origin. Seven percent of the patients are below the federal poverty level and at least 19% are foreign-born. The hospital has 850 physicians, 1,300 nurses and more than 2,000 support staff who are committed to providing the best diagnostic, treatment and preventative care. GSHMC aims to become the preferred healthcare system in the region.

 

Strengths and Weakness of the Organization

Domain	Strength	Weakness
Leadership/Operations	The organization’s aim is to become the preferred healthcare system which indicates an inclination towards patient/family-centered care.	The organization does not include patients and families in the generation of policies, guidelines, programs and procedures as well as Governing Board activities.
Mission, Vision, Values	The mission, vision, and values align with patient-centered care.	No weakness noted.
Advisors	Patients and families participate in quality and safety rounds. Family members are spotted during morning rounds and they are involved in the development of the patient plan of care and treatment.	Neither the patients nor their families serve on advisory councils or hospital committees.
Quality Improvement	Patients/families interviewed during walk-rounds to establish their concerns and address them. They are also involved in quality, safety and risk meetings. Their voices adopted in strategic and operational goals.	Patients/families have minimal participation in the task force and QI teams and they rarely attend IHI, NPSF and other meetings.
Personnel	Staff receives training on supporting patient/family-centered care practice.	No collaboration in coming up with job descriptions or policies in the performance appraisal process. Patients and families are not involved in interview teams and they are not incorporated during new employee orientation.
Environment & Design	A collaborative approach is supported since all parties are involved in the care process.	Evidence lacks on the participation of patients and families in clinical design projects.
Information/Education	Patients access resources from web portals, they can email clinicians and access resource rooms within the hospital.	Evidence of patients or families serving as educators/faculty for clinicians and other staff lacks.
Diversity & Disparities	The hospital offers reports in race, ethnicity and language and ensures that interpreters are available. They have created programs that target minority and underserved patients.	Mild weakness is observed in education materials since they are not tailored to suit various patients served.
Charting and Documentation	Patients and families can access their electronic records.	Limitations exist on what patients can chart and document.
Care Support	Patients/families enjoy 24/7 access and are part of rounds and shift reports. A patient medication history is updated on every visits and family is encouraged to be present during rescue events. Support, disclosure and apology are provided in case of an error.	Patient/families cannot activate a rapid response system.
Care	A collaboration between clinicians, patients and family is noted. Family/patients are partners to care and families are involved in care planning and transitions. Pain is also managed in partnership.	No weakness is present in this domain.

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Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center is working hard to ensure that it offers patient and family-centered care. According to the

strength and weaknesses, the hospital has scored well in the four guiding principles entailing respect and dignity, information sharing, participation and collaboration. Nevertheless, a weakness is noted in the personnel domain because the hospital does not collaborate with patients and families in job descriptions and policies in the performance appraisal process. Additionally, patients do not participate in interview teams and search committees.

Improvement Strategy

The ideal approach to ensure that patients and families participate in personnel recruitment is creating a hiring process that uses the PFCC interview tool and fosters collaboration with patients and family partners (PFP’s) when interviewing candidates for healthcare positions (Thomsen & Hølge-Hazelton, 2019). The strategy is ideal because hiring new employees offers an opportunity to set expectations on patient and family engagement. The involvement of patients and family members in the interview process ensures that new employees understand the need to adopt patient and family-centered care.  Hiring staff who are committed to PFCC can reduce the high cost of staff turnover.

System or Change Theory

The use of the PFCC interview tool (PFCCIT) will be adopted using Kurt Lewin’s change theory. The theory provides three stages that optimize the success of the implementation process. The three are unfreezing, change and refreezing (Cummings, Bridgman & Brown, 2016). The unfreezing stage helps in breaking the status quo, communicating the need for change and ensuring that the strategy gets a buy-in. It is clear that the organization does not use PFCCIT during interviews, the hiring panel will be informed on the need to use the tool and supporting literature will be provided. After the panel has accepted the tool, the change stage will start which will ensure that the PFCCIT is incorporated during interviews and PFPs are part of the process. The refreezing stage will follow and the effects of the PFCCIT and PFP’s will be evaluated and policies drafted to make them part of the hiring process.

Financial Implications

The project has minimal financial implications since the proposed strategy will be adopted in the current hiring process. The patient and family partners will be trained on interview practices and oriented to the PFCCIT and role of the interview panel. The trainers will be compensated. The PFPs will not be compensated but reimbursement for mileage, parking or transit will be offered (Charlton et al., 2015). During the evaluation of the strategy, interview candidates will be given a $25 incentive to help them offer their view on the use of PFCCIT and PFP’s in the hiring process.

Method of Evaluation

The impact of the PFCCIT and PFP involvement in staff hiring will be evaluated using an online survey for the interviewed candidates as well as semi-structured interviews for the organization leaders and PFPs involved in the hiring process (Charlton et al., 2015). The online survey will provide seven Likert-scale questions and an open-ended question dealing with PFCC policies and involvement of PFPs in the interview panel. The organization leaders will answer questions on whether PFFCIT and inclusion of PFPs add value to the interview and hiring process. The PFPs will be asked similar questions to the leader but they will also answer whether they feel their feedback during the interview is valued by the leaders.

I will attach Patient-and Family-Centered Care Organizational Self-Assessment Tool and rubric in the manage orders section

INTRODUCTION

Healthcare is a complicated system that includes unique economic processes, regulatory requirements, and quality indicators that are not found in traditional business settings. Therefore, developing unique skill sets relating to organizational leadership and interprofessional team development is essential for leaders within the healthcare industry at any level. As the complexity within the healthcare industry increases, it is important to understand the comprehensive approach to patient care management across the continuum and how the concepts of organizational leadership and team development support leaders in creating a patient-centric environment.

The purpose of this assessment is to provide a framework through which you can experience and understand the unique leadership concepts within healthcare and understand the implications of business and regulatory requirements in providing patient-centered care. You will use a system theory or a change theory, self-assessment tools, and team development concepts to design a strategy to increase patient-centered care. Using leadership concepts and theories, you will ensure a sustainable model of healthcare delivery throughout the changing healthcare system that considers future trends, evidence-based practice, and regulatory expansion.

For this assessment, you will use the attached “Patient-and Family-Centered Care Organizational Self-Assessment Tool,” to analyze how patient- and family-centered the healthcare setting is. This form will guide you in evaluating this healthcare setting for strengths and weaknesses in patient-centered care attributes. Based on your analysis, you will create a strategy to improve patient-family-centered care.

REQUIREMENTS

Your submission must be your original work. No more than a combined total of 30% of the submission and no more than a 10% match to any one individual source can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased from sources, even if cited correctly. An originality report is provided when you submit your task that can be used as a guide.

You must use the rubric to direct the creation of your submission because it provides detailed criteria that will be used to evaluate your work. Each requirement below may be evaluated by more than one rubric aspect. The rubric aspect titles may contain hyperlinks to relevant portions of the course.

Professional Communications is a required aspect to pass this task. Completion of a spell check and grammar check prior to submitting your final work is strongly recommended.

Note: Any information that would be considered confidential, proprietary, or personal in nature should not be included. Do not include the actual names or other personally identifiable information of people or stakeholders involved. Fictional names should be used. Also, agency-specific data, including any financial information, should not be included but should be addressed in a general fashion as appropriate.

A. Analyze how business practices, regulatory requirements, and reimbursement impact patient-family-centered care within a healthcare organization.

B. Complete the attached “Patient-and Family-Centered Care Organizational Self-Assessment Tool” (PFCC) for a healthcare organization.

Note: The PFCC tool is a subjective tool used to assess the organization you have chosen.

1. Describe the healthcare setting you used in the PFCC.
Note: Please include the type of facility, the services provided by the facility and the diverse ethnic groups cared for by the facility.
2. Using the completed PFCC tool, describe the strengths and weaknesses of the organization for each domain.

C. Identify one area of improvement from the weaknesses identified in part B2.
1. Create a strategy to increase patient-centeredness in the organization by addressing the weakness from part C.
a. Discuss how you would apply either system theory or change theory in the development of your strategy to address the chosen weakness.
Note: The strategy should include the development of a multi-disciplinary team and how patient-family centered care can be improved.
2. Discuss the financial implications of implementing this strategy.
3. Discuss the methods you will use to evaluate the effectiveness of your strategy.

D. Create a multidisciplinary team by identifying the following:
• potential members that will assist you in implementing the identified strategy
• The role of each team member
1. Discuss how cultural diversity within the team supports patient-centered, culturally competent care.
2. Using one of the leadership theories below, discuss the leadership style you would utilize in developing your team:
• transactional leadership
• transformational leadership
• emotional leadership
• traditional leadership
3. Discuss how the team will work together to implement the strategy to address the weakness identified in part C1.
4. Describe how the team will communicate the identified strategy and intended outcomes to the healthcare organization.
5. Describe a specific tool you could use to develop the team’s self-assessment skills.

E. Acknowledge sources, using APA-formatted in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.

Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.

Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?

Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.

Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.

If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.

I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.

As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:

Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.

Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

• Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
• There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
• Include in-text citations in your response
• Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
• Follow APA-7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

• A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
• Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
• Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
• Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
• Follow APA 7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
• Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
• Here are some helpful links
• Student paper example
• Citing Sources
• The Writing Center is a great resource