Alanazi Talan Modeling Antibiotic Resistance Based on an exercise presented to the Association of Biology Laboratory Education by Marion and Ralph Preszler, New Mexico State University 1) Your “organism” is your plastic bin. The “bacteria” are a variety of random household items. Choose four species of “bacteria” to infect your organism with. 2) Your instructor will provide your group with an “antibiotic”; another household item that will be used to pick up and remove the bacteria from your organism. 3) Infect your organism with 25 individual bacteria from each of the four species (a total of 100 in the organism). 4) When your instructor says E new “GO”, use your antibiotics to remove as many bacteria as possible from your organism. You will have 15 seconds to do this. Record your results below and calculate how the population will rebound: Trial 1 A B C D Total in Percent Species # Left Left population # to Add B/*TOTAL 100 *C D – B 27 21 6 1 11 0 14 14 3 3 23 29 6 3 23 O ! 4 6 *TOTAL: 78 cotton 1 O. 27 0-14 Q-tips 2 . Oll Selley 29 5) Repeat the experiment using your new population after recovery and record again below: Trial 2 A B C D E Total in Percent new Species # Left Left population # to Add B/*TOTAL 100 * C D – B cotton 2 6.03 3. 1 1 1 MSM 0.017 2. 2 Mas 29 0.48 48 3 28 О, Ч, 46 4 *TOTAL: 60 be 1 19 ( Mom ander 18 Make a graph with “Trials” on the X-axis and “% left” on the Y-axis. Put a different line for each of your bacteria on the graph. Questions: 1) The multiple 15-second trial represents a typical patient who takes antibiotics repeatedly but never completes the course. The single 60-second trial represents a person taking the full course of antibiotics one time. Interpret your results in this context. 2) Explain how the various characteristics of your bacterial species relate to the success of your antibiotic. Which species was the easiest to remove? The hardest? Given what you know, suggest a household item that would best represent MRSA (which has resistance to multiple antibiotics) and explain why. 3) Explain how the characteristics of your “antibiotic” affected your success in eradicating the various bacteria. Did your antibiotic represent a broad, general antibiotic, or a very specific one? Elaborate. Suggest a common household item that would represent a very effective general antibiotic. 4) Create and describe a version of this exercise that would represent the best way to effectively treat bacterial disease. In other words, describe a way you could most effectively rid your organism of all of its bacterial infections. 5) Not all bacteria are harmful. Research and then describe how an antibiotic could negatively affect the “good” bacteria that humans rely on. 6) Choose any antibiotic available today (penicillin and ampicillin are boring). Research the product and write a short (~ one page) essay. Include: a) The type of chemical the antibiotic is (including its source) b) The types of bacteria it is most effective against c) The cellular mechanism by which it either kills or disarms susceptible bacteria d) Any known resistances to the antibiotic **** NOTE: Please go beyond Wikipedia and the like for your research! Cite any sources that you used. I will randomly check for plagiarism in the essays.
| Excellent | Good | Fair | Poor | ||
| Main Posting | 45 (45%) – 50 (50%)
Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources.
Supported by at least three current, credible sources.
Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style. |
40 (40%) – 44 (44%)
Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.
At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth.
Supported by at least three credible sources.
Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style. |
35 (35%) – 39 (39%)
Responds to some of the discussion question(s).
One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed.
Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis.
Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.
Post is cited with two credible sources.
Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors.
Contains some APA formatting errors. |
0 (0%) – 34 (34%)
Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately.
Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria.
Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis.
Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.
Contains only one or no credible sources.
Not written clearly or concisely.
Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors.
Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style. |
|
| Main Post: Timeliness | 10 (10%) – 10 (10%)
Posts main post by day 3. |
0 (0%) – 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
Does not post by day 3. |
|
| First Response | 17 (17%) – 18 (18%)
Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.
Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.
Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.
Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.
Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.
Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.
Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. |
15 (15%) – 16 (16%)
Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings.
Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.
Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed.
Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources.
Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. |
13 (13%) – 14 (14%)
Response is on topic and may have some depth.
Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.
Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed.
Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited. |
0 (0%) – 12 (12%)
Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.
Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.
Responses to faculty questions are missing.
No credible sources are cited. |
|
| Second Response | 16 (16%) – 17 (17%)
Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.
Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.
Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.
Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.
Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.
Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.
Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. |
14 (14%) – 15 (15%)
Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings.
Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.
Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed.
Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources.
Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. |
12 (12%) – 13 (13%)
Response is on topic and may have some depth.
Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.
Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed.
Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited. |
0 (0%) – 11 (11%)
Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.
Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.
Responses to faculty questions are missing.
No credible sources are cited. |
|
| Participation | 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days. |
0 (0%) – 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days. |
|
| Total Points: 100 | |||||